Victor
Please circulate my rebuttal of this disinformation you sent out to your list.
On Apr 12, 2004, at 12:31 AM, Victor Martinez wrote:
www.zpenergy.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=663
www.earthtech.org
www.ldolphin.org/hill.html
www.quantumfields.com
www.sciencedirect.com
TO THE STARS: ONE OF AMERICA's LEADING THEORETICAL PHYSICISTS AND
EXPERTS WEIGHS IN ON 'ZERO POINT ENERGY' FOR AEROSPACE VEHICLE
PROPULSION / ZERO POINT ENERGY EMERGES FROM REALM OF SCIENCE FICTION /
MAY BE KEY TO DEEP-SPACE TRAVEL! –
By William B Scott, Austin, TX, Aviation Week & Space Technology, March
1, 2004 edition / Posted on Wednesday, March 10, 2004 18:45:31 PST
[Overtone writes: Aviation Week & Space Technology March 1, 2004, pp.
50-53.
Note: The article below has been edited and shortened to highlight
energy conversion, rather than space propulsion.
Zero point energy emerges from realm of science fiction. Comment and
reviews follow.]
At least two large aerospace companies and one U.S. Defense Dept. agency
are betting that "zero point energy" could be the next breakthrough in
aerospace, and are backing those bets with seed money for ZPE research.
If their efforts pay off, ZPE-driven powerplants might enable Mach 4
fighters, quiet 1,200-seat hypersonic airliners that fly at 100-mi.
altitudes as far as 12,000 mi. in about 70 min., and 12.6-hr. trips to
the Moon.
ONE OF THOSE companies, BAE Systems, launched "PROJECT GREENGLOW" in
1986 "to provide a focus for research into novel propulsion systems and
the means to power them," said R.A. Evans, the project leader, in a
technical paper last year.
At least one large U.S. aerospace company is embarking on ZPE research
in response to a Defense Dept. request, but the company and its customer
cannot be identified yet. National laboratories, the military services
and other companies either now have or have had low-level ZPE-related
efforts underway.
The concept of zero point energy is rooted in quantum theory, and is
difficult for even the technically minded to grasp. But theories
validated by meticulous experiments have confirmed that so-called "empty
space" or what scientists call the "quantum vacuum" actually is teeming
with activity. Tiny electromagnetic fields continuously fluctuate around
their "zero-baseline" values, even when the temperature drops to
absolute zero (0 K) and all thermal effects have ceased.
A LEADING RESEARCHER in this realm of new physics, HAL E. PUTHOFF,
director of the Institute for Advanced Studies (at Austin), explains
zero point energy this way:
"When you get down to the tiniest quantum levels, everything's always
'jiggly.' Nothing is completely still, even at absolute zero. That's why
it's called 'zero point energy,' because, if you were to cool the
universe down to absolute zero – where all thermal motions were frozen
out — you'd still have residual motion. The energy associated with
that 'jiggling' will remain, too."
For most technologists, quantum theory conjures up images of extremely
minuscule particles and field effects. Why would aerospace companies and
governments invest in researching "jiggles" that defy measurement?
Because those quantum or vacuum fluctuations – the "jiggles" of zero
point energy — if tapped somehow, could produce stupendous amounts of
energy and enable deep-space voyages that are impossible for today's
propulsion methods.
"Human transportation within the Solar system will only become
technologically practical if there is a breakthrough in terms of speed,
coupled with an adequate energy/fuel supply," Evans said.
Energy densities (the amount of energy per unit volume) of the quantum
vacuum are comparable to those of nuclear energy — or even greater.
Consequently, its potential as an energy source is absolutely enormous.
Quantifying the potential of ZPE is difficult, and scientists are
reluctant to translate the huge numbers predicted by quantum theory into
terms easily grasped.
Puthoff's explanation is particularly graphic, though: "It (sounds)
ridiculous, but theoretically, there's enough [zero point] energy in the
volume of a coffee cup to more than evaporate all the world's oceans,"
Puthoff said. "But that's if you could get at all of it, and you
obviously can't."
(Added Note: Speculation from NASA's Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy
Probe (WMAP), suggests it should be possible to extract about 20 times
more energy from the Zero Point Field, per unit of surface area on
earth, than can be derived from solar energy -- approximately 20
kilowatts per square meter -- 24 hours per day).
Show the numerical calculation for the above comment.
"The potential is practically limitless; way beyond what can be
conceived. But until we learn what ZPE embodiment to use [an engineering
process to extract ZPE], and to what frequency we can effectively
extract the energy, it's really hard to make a practical statement about
how much you can actually use," he cautioned. "So far, the embodiments
are pitifully small."
[Experiments] have produced about the same amount of energy as a
butterfly's wing — picowatts or so. But the potential is there."
(Added note: Magnetic Power Inc. is developing ZPE technology that is
initially designed to provide kilowatts, and later megawatt modules, of
electric power).
Please justify this extraordinary claim with a reference that can be checked.
That staggering potential has kept researchers pursuing a "new physics"
that some critics classify as near-science fiction. Still, respected
scientists and government agencies believe the quest is worth investing
time, effort and money. In 1986, the U.S. Air Force …solicited
"Non-conventional Propulsion Concepts" under a Small Business Innovation
Research program. One of the six areas of interest was "Esoteric energy
sources…, including the zero point quantum dynamic energy of vacuum
space . . . ."
In particular, the late Robert Forward, a respected scientist
…recommended additional research of the "Casimir effect," which had
suggested the existence of ZPE decades earlier.
Ian Peterson of University of Coventry has shown that the Casimir force cannot
be used for propulsion as a matter of principle. The Casimir force does not at
all tap the vacuum energy. It can only tap the tiny Van Der Waals electrical energy
of the induced multipoles in the EM zero point field, not the EM zero point field itself.
This phenomenon is
attributed to H.G.B. Casimir, a Dutch researcher, who, in 1948,
confirmed the reality of quantum vacuum energy by calculating the value
of a small force between two uncharged metal plates.
"IF YOU PUT TWO metal plates very close together, they partially shield
some ZPE frequencies," Puthoff explained. "That means the energy
bouncing back and forth between the plates is less than the energy
outside, so the plates get pushed together. Radiation pressure outside
the plates is greater than radiation pressure in the somewhat-shielded
area between the plates. The plates coming together convert vacuum
energy to heat."
Puthoff here misleads laymen, and himself, into thinking that the above effect is relevant
to propulsion when in fact it is a false lead having nothing to do with
the direct gravity and anti-gravity effects of zero point energy that come
from a completely different part of physics, i.e. Einstein's equivalence
principle.
In 1997, Steve K. Lamoreaux, a University of Washington atomic physicist
at the time, conducted precise measurements of the Casimir effect. His
results almost perfectly matched the predictions of quantum
electrodynamics theory, according to a peer-reviewed paper in the Jan.
6, 1997, issue of Physical Review Letters.
Nice, but fundamentally irrelevant to the topic of the article.
When NASA established the Breakthrough Propulsion Physics (BPP) program
in 1996 to research advanced forms of space transportation, it focused
on three objectives:
– Propulsion that required NO propellant mass.
– Propulsion that attained the maximum transit speeds physically
possible.
– Breakthrough methods of energy production to power such devices.
Through private funding, Puthoff and his team have secured patents based
on converting ZPE to "miniature ball lightning — micron-size lightning
— using a very small traveling wave tube," he said. "It appeared to
demonstrate the principle [of ZPE extraction], but we were never
successful in scaling it up to useful levels. We're now working on
various engineering embodiments to do that, but we're not there yet."
This is a false lead and will never work in my opinion. I hope I am wrong of course.
"As to where we stand on energy exchange [research], the force levels
and amount of energy are piddly — real, but extremely small," Millis
added. (See added comment above).
(But) there are striking and encouraging parallels between the
evolvement of ZPE and the history of nuclear energy research. Albert
Einstein's equations showed that an infinitesimal amount of mass could
be converted to a tremendous amount of energy via nuclear reactions.
Initially, scientists insisted something was wrong; the numbers were
just too large. They didn't make sense. But the mathematics were
incontrovertible.
Then natural radioactivity was discovered, validating Einstein's
equations. However, energy releases found in nature were so small that
even Einstein believed radiation could never be harnessed as a useful
energy source.
"At that time, it looked like [nuclear] fission was going nowhere,"
Puthoff said. "The big breakthrough came when [atomic physicist Enrico]
Fermi did his famous experiment at the University of Chicago. He found
that a material releasing lots of neutrons could act as a catalyst and
start a runaway reaction. Fission would take off and cause a big effect
— eventually the atomic bomb in the weapons [arena] and nuclear
reactors in the energy [production] area."
Zero point energy has a similar history. Predictions from quantum
mechanics said ZPE existed, but the huge numbers associated with it
prompted questions about the mathematics' validity and suspicions of
errors in quantum theory.
"Then the Casimir effect was found to be a natural embodiment of natural
principles," Puthoff said. "The [general] reaction was: 'OK, but it's a
small effect. It's never going to be useful for making energy' — just
like what was said about nuclear energy. So, we're now at the stage of
looking for the equivalent of Fermi's neutron-source catalyst —
something that ignites the ZPE process."
Hal fundamentally here does not understand what the problem is.
He is shining a light in the wrong part of the dark room as in the Sufi Tale.
The basic equations needed for "metric engineering" of the exotic dark energy/matter vacua are
Ruv - (1/2)Rguv + /\zpfguv = 0
/\zpf = (Quantum of Area)^-1[(Quantum of Area)^3/2|Vacuum Coherence|^2 - 1]
Ordinary non-exotic vacuum has /\zpf = 0
Where the total vacuum zero point energy density at a given scale is
Zero point energy density = (Super-String Tension)/\zpf
And the Hawking quantum gravity entropy S of a region of space of volume V with boundary area A is
S = kA/4(Quantum of Area)
k = Boltzmann's constant
With the metric engineering "Josephson interferometer" effect
/\zpf(induced) = (Quantum of Area)^-1[(Quantum of Area)^3/2|Vacuum Coherence + Superconductor Coherence|^2 - 1]
Control of the relative phase between the physical vacuum condensate and the control superconductor condensate in their space-time regions of common "overlap" support is the key to metric engineering.
But is harnessing ZPE feasible, and, if so, how soon? If the
expectations of cutting-edge scientists are any guide, a ZPE power
source…could be in sight.
"I'd say our confidence level [of a breakthrough] is 50% or better. We
have some ideas that we're exploring, but we're not ready to talk about
them," Puthoff hedged. "The big hurdle is finding an embodiment that
will permit scale-ups to useful levels of energy — finding the
catalyst for accelerating currently known processes. If our [research]
is successful, almost assuredly there'd be no problem with small units
— a few cubic centimeters of ZPE — providing enough energy to power
spaceships."
As to when a breakthrough might occur, "We're definitely not stumbling
around in the dark anymore," Puthoff continued. "It's been shown that
ZERO POINT ENERGY IS REAL and has REAL CONSEQUENCES. It's definitely a
technology that's NOT READY FOR PRIME TIME, but it's definitely READY
FOR SERIOUS SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION."
Puthoff is right for the wrong reasons. The Casimir force is the wrong reason. It is
Fool's Gold. The right reason is the "dark energy" from Type 1a supernovae data
found first ~ 1999. The article is strangely silent on the The Right Stuff.
Based on a historical cycle of breakthroughs in transportation
technology, the human race is due for another big leap in about 2012.
Last year, Allen predicted one would occur "within a decade or two.
This stage is equivalent to where aeronautics was in the 1890s."
Still, NASA's Millis urges caution. "I really DON'T want to raise
people's expectations too much," he said. "To get overly excited causes
more damage [in the field of ZPE research] than skeptics do. We need to
make sure we're not extending our claims beyond what the evidence points
us to today. To be impartial, I'd say were NOT ON THE VERGE of
grandiose breakthroughs. But, we have another embryonics field opening
up to us."
ADDENDUM: ZERO POINT ENERGY IN 2012?! (from p. 51)
FLASH – Austin, TEXAS – In trying to predict when a scientific
breakthrough might UNLOCK zero point enegy (ZPE) as a SPACE
TRANSPORTATION POWER SOURCE, a few scientists suggest looking for clues
in historical cycles.
One of the more enticing is the Kondratieff interval, which was defined
by Nikolai Kondratieff in 1924. Often cited in economic studies, the
roughly 55-year cycle can be found in a variety of human-event patterns.
John E. Allen, a longtime aerospace researcher and consultant for BAE
Systems, found that the Kondratieff cycle shows up in key milestones
leading to spaceflight. If the cycle holds true. then mankind is due
for another breakthrough in about 2012 – which will be 55 years after
the launch of Russia's Sputnik, mankind's first satellite, and 109 years
after the Wright brothers' first flight.
Hal E. Puthoff, one of several scientists who has spent YEARS trying to
"break the code" that would release the tremendous potential of ZPE,
quipped, "It's always darkest just before it's pitch black. The most
frustrating period is when you know [the answer] is close, but you're
not there yet. Certainly, that's where we're at now. The fact that
major aerospace companies are getting interested in [ZPE] will
definitely accelerate the process. But, there's NO WAY to predict how
long that'll take."
He and other ZPE researchers might look not only to the Kondratieff
interval for encouragement, but also to Wilbur Wright's recollection in
1908: "In 1901, I confess that I said to my brother, Orville, that man
WOULD NOT FLY for 50 years. Two years later, we made flights. This
demonstration of my impotence as a prophet gave me such shock that ever
more I have distrusted myself and avoided all predictions."
---------------------------------------
The comments below are owned by the poster. We aren't responsible for
their content.
Posted by Anonymous on Thursday, March 11 @ 00:55:13 PST
Call me suspicious if you like but companies with a direct connection to
the military publicly state what their researching....a couple of years
later a "discovery" will miraculously appear....a couple of years later
everybody will wonder why we hadn't done it sooner cos it's so simple.
Oh look no more energy crisis juts in time......
How else do you get the solution to the energy crisis into the public
domain from a secret military source without having a public outcry
about them (the military) sitting on it for years. Let me think about
this...the most advanced method the military have in getting into space
is, essentially, a civilian 30 year old grounded space shuttle! Please
get real. The most advanced/fastest long range plane is the museum piece
SR-71 Blackbird ('60s technology) come on!
Plot a graph of speed/technology for aircraft by decade. '30s, '40s,
'50s, '60s that's the easy bit no secrets there but what about the '70s,
'80s, '90s, '00s. If you take a logical progression from bi-plane
propellor '30s to SR-71 '60s and then extend that through another 4
decades you end up with: Moon and back in an hour, 100% invisible to
radar etc etc
Exactly what the most advanced craft is I have no idea, but I bet the
shuttle is archaic by comparison but a useful public distraction.
Regards,
Malcolm
---------------------------------------
Posted by Anonymous on Thursday, March 11 @ 23:39:32 PST
I remember a conference in 1999 held by NASA. At that conference , they
asked as many bright minds as they could muster to come up with methods
to travel in space without having to carry fuel. The reason being you
would have to carry an earth sized amount of fuel to go anywhere
significant. I saw a NASA site on that conference, I tried finding it
before this post , but couldn't find it. The solution they were after
sounds a lot like ZPE.
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Monday, April 12, 2004
Sunday, April 11, 2004
OK first a brief history of superconductivity (RMP, 1999 Schreiffer & Tinkham)
1. Discovered in 1911 by H. Kamerlingh Onnes in Leiden 3 years after he liquified helium.
Electrical resistance of lead, mercury, tin and aluminium disappeared completely in a narrow
temperature range at a critical temperature Tc near absolute zero.
2. Meissner & Ochsenfeld (1933) perfect diamagnetism i.e. expulsion of magnetic flux from bulk of the superconductor.
3. F. and H. London's 1935 explanation of the above as caused by a giant "macro" quantum ground state density of electrons in the superconductive phase of the metal where the macro-quantum supercurrent density 3-vector Js obeys
Js = -(c/4pi(penetration depth)^2)EM Vector Potential (1)
in a special gauge.
penetration depth = [(rest energy of electron)/4pi(macro-quantum density of superconducting electrons)(charge)^2]^1/2 (2)
The time derivative of (1) gives zero electrical resistance and the curl of (1) gives the expulsion of magnetic flux using standard Maxwell equations of the classical applied electromagnetic field in the static limit.
4. The superconducting electron density -> 0 at the critical temperature Tc as in Landau's theory of 2nd order phase transitions in thermal equilibrium strictly dead matter.
5. Landau and Ginzburg 1950 using Landau's theory of 2nd order phase transitions add the long-range coherent giant quantum wave phase to the London idea of intensity of superconducting electron density. We now have both an amplitude and phase of a giant local wave with nonlocal long-range coherence that Landau and Ginzburg in Moscow under Stalin's tyranny called the "order parameter" Psi.
The L-G version of (1) was
Js = e|Psi|^2vs (3)
m*vs = hbarGrad(phase of giant wave) - 2eA/c
This is gauge invariant.
A = EM vector potential
6. i.e. Giant macro-quantum ground state wave in modern notation Psi = <0|phi|0> ~ (density of superconducting electrons)^1/2e^i(coherent hologram phase).
7. Landau and Ginzburg in 1950 showed that the giant macro-quantum ground state coherent hologram wave forming the superconductor obeyed a nonlinear replacement for the linear Schrodinger equation of micro-quantum theory.
8. "More is different" (coined in 1967 by P.W. Anderson).
9. Gorkov in 1959 related the Landau-Ginzburg model to the microscopic BCS model of the mid-1950s after Einstein's death in 1955.
10. Pippard in 1953 from data showed one needed a second coherence length for the scale of change of Psi in space in addition to the penetration depth. The superconducting electron density was smaller than the normal metal electron density.
11. Bardeen in 1956 showed that the Pippard coherence length implied a nonlocal electrodynamics inside the superconductor, and that this required an "energy gap" in the spectrum of single-particle elementary excitations above the superconducting ground state.
12. The BCS (1957) microscopic quantum -> macro-quantum non-perturbative ground state instability gave such an energy gap in a self-consistent way that H. Frohlich was not able to find using only micro-quantum perturbation theory. Frohlich was the first to realize that the experimental data on the isotope effect in superconductors demanded a net electron-electron attraction from a retarded electron-phonon interaction with the crystal lattice of the superconductor. BCS took Frohlich's idea beyond perturbation theory, indeed beyond micro-quantum theory! This was the first example of micro -> macro "More is different" emergence of qualitatively new physical properties from a lower-level substratum.
* Both Einstein's gravity with precision cosmology's antigravity cosmic field of dark energy and gravitating dark matter are such emergent properties as is our own consciousness in the electric dipoles of the microtubules. These nano-scale electric dipoles are single-electron transistors and their collective far-from-thermal-equilibrium Frohlich modes separate from the thermal bath and are protected against environmental decoherence by their holographic long-range phase stability sustained by a sufficiently large energy flow "pump" like in a laser.
13. The coherence length is inversely proportional to the energy gap. The ratio of penetration depth to coherence length is important. When this ratio is > (square root of 2)^-1 Type II strings of trapped quantized magnetic flux vortex lines form. This is the first "string theory."
to be continued
On Apr 11, 2004, at 9:15 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
I did some more checking of the history.
If Einstein had read Landau and Ginzburg's 1950 paper
extending the F& H London's (1935) giant quantum wave theory of superconductivity
then yes Einstein could have done Modanese's
calculation almost 50 years before Modanese did it.
Possible, but not likely.
On Apr 11, 2004, at 8:50 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
On Apr 11, 2004, at 9:13 PM, sonata wrote:
I've read Modanese's paper. Thing is Einstein's
notes from 1952 read the same.
Interesting if true, but unlikely
1. The Landau-Ginzburg theory of the superconductor was not well known in 1952!
True first Landau-Ginzburg paper was in 1950.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginzburg-Landau_theory
Hence small chance Einstein connected those dots in 1952, but I am skeptical.
Most of the insights into superconductivity did not happen until after Einstein's death.
Maybe Modanese stole
them from the Einstein Family which still keeps thousands
of Einstein's personal notes which have never been published.
Many more pages are still locked away in the Archives....Rmc
...
Modanese's work is interesting and relevant to the alleged Podkletnov effect described by Nick Cook
"The Hunt For Zero Point"
Modanese uses only first order perturbation theory and shows that the Landau-Ginzburg superconducting order parameter i.e.
<0|phi|0> ~ |BCS energy gap|^1/2 e^i(long-range coherent phase)
BCS energy gap for a single bound real electron-electron pair ~ |condensate pair wave function|^2
and shows that the superconductor giant quantum wave acts like a cosmological constant term in the Einstein-Hilbert action for the pure gravity field in vacuum only in the region of space-time where the superconducting giant quantum wave does not vanish obviously.
Modanese, however, does not derive the Einstein-Hilbert action from another analogous giant vacuum wave the way I do in the sense first suggested by Andrei Sakharov in Moscow in 1967.
However, adding my vacuum coherence wave to Modanese's real superconducting coherence wave gives a Josephson interferometer analog effect, which I do think is the basic "metric engineering" effect that we seem to be seeing in the flying saucer data.
Jack Sarfatti wrote:
Actually Boylan's quote is a garbled version of what I wrote describing a model of Giovanni Modanese's for how a real superconductor wave will modify space-time geometry like in the alleged "Podkletnov effect."
1. Discovered in 1911 by H. Kamerlingh Onnes in Leiden 3 years after he liquified helium.
Electrical resistance of lead, mercury, tin and aluminium disappeared completely in a narrow
temperature range at a critical temperature Tc near absolute zero.
2. Meissner & Ochsenfeld (1933) perfect diamagnetism i.e. expulsion of magnetic flux from bulk of the superconductor.
3. F. and H. London's 1935 explanation of the above as caused by a giant "macro" quantum ground state density of electrons in the superconductive phase of the metal where the macro-quantum supercurrent density 3-vector Js obeys
Js = -(c/4pi(penetration depth)^2)EM Vector Potential (1)
in a special gauge.
penetration depth = [(rest energy of electron)/4pi(macro-quantum density of superconducting electrons)(charge)^2]^1/2 (2)
The time derivative of (1) gives zero electrical resistance and the curl of (1) gives the expulsion of magnetic flux using standard Maxwell equations of the classical applied electromagnetic field in the static limit.
4. The superconducting electron density -> 0 at the critical temperature Tc as in Landau's theory of 2nd order phase transitions in thermal equilibrium strictly dead matter.
5. Landau and Ginzburg 1950 using Landau's theory of 2nd order phase transitions add the long-range coherent giant quantum wave phase to the London idea of intensity of superconducting electron density. We now have both an amplitude and phase of a giant local wave with nonlocal long-range coherence that Landau and Ginzburg in Moscow under Stalin's tyranny called the "order parameter" Psi.
The L-G version of (1) was
Js = e|Psi|^2vs (3)
m*vs = hbarGrad(phase of giant wave) - 2eA/c
This is gauge invariant.
A = EM vector potential
6. i.e. Giant macro-quantum ground state wave in modern notation Psi = <0|phi|0> ~ (density of superconducting electrons)^1/2e^i(coherent hologram phase).
7. Landau and Ginzburg in 1950 showed that the giant macro-quantum ground state coherent hologram wave forming the superconductor obeyed a nonlinear replacement for the linear Schrodinger equation of micro-quantum theory.
8. "More is different" (coined in 1967 by P.W. Anderson).
9. Gorkov in 1959 related the Landau-Ginzburg model to the microscopic BCS model of the mid-1950s after Einstein's death in 1955.
10. Pippard in 1953 from data showed one needed a second coherence length for the scale of change of Psi in space in addition to the penetration depth. The superconducting electron density was smaller than the normal metal electron density.
11. Bardeen in 1956 showed that the Pippard coherence length implied a nonlocal electrodynamics inside the superconductor, and that this required an "energy gap" in the spectrum of single-particle elementary excitations above the superconducting ground state.
12. The BCS (1957) microscopic quantum -> macro-quantum non-perturbative ground state instability gave such an energy gap in a self-consistent way that H. Frohlich was not able to find using only micro-quantum perturbation theory. Frohlich was the first to realize that the experimental data on the isotope effect in superconductors demanded a net electron-electron attraction from a retarded electron-phonon interaction with the crystal lattice of the superconductor. BCS took Frohlich's idea beyond perturbation theory, indeed beyond micro-quantum theory! This was the first example of micro -> macro "More is different" emergence of qualitatively new physical properties from a lower-level substratum.
* Both Einstein's gravity with precision cosmology's antigravity cosmic field of dark energy and gravitating dark matter are such emergent properties as is our own consciousness in the electric dipoles of the microtubules. These nano-scale electric dipoles are single-electron transistors and their collective far-from-thermal-equilibrium Frohlich modes separate from the thermal bath and are protected against environmental decoherence by their holographic long-range phase stability sustained by a sufficiently large energy flow "pump" like in a laser.
13. The coherence length is inversely proportional to the energy gap. The ratio of penetration depth to coherence length is important. When this ratio is > (square root of 2)^-1 Type II strings of trapped quantized magnetic flux vortex lines form. This is the first "string theory."
to be continued
On Apr 11, 2004, at 9:15 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
I did some more checking of the history.
If Einstein had read Landau and Ginzburg's 1950 paper
extending the F& H London's (1935) giant quantum wave theory of superconductivity
then yes Einstein could have done Modanese's
calculation almost 50 years before Modanese did it.
Possible, but not likely.
On Apr 11, 2004, at 8:50 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
On Apr 11, 2004, at 9:13 PM, sonata wrote:
I've read Modanese's paper. Thing is Einstein's
notes from 1952 read the same.
Interesting if true, but unlikely
1. The Landau-Ginzburg theory of the superconductor was not well known in 1952!
True first Landau-Ginzburg paper was in 1950.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginzburg-Landau_theory
Hence small chance Einstein connected those dots in 1952, but I am skeptical.
Most of the insights into superconductivity did not happen until after Einstein's death.
Maybe Modanese stole
them from the Einstein Family which still keeps thousands
of Einstein's personal notes which have never been published.
Many more pages are still locked away in the Archives....Rmc
...
Modanese's work is interesting and relevant to the alleged Podkletnov effect described by Nick Cook
"The Hunt For Zero Point"
Modanese uses only first order perturbation theory and shows that the Landau-Ginzburg superconducting order parameter i.e.
<0|phi|0> ~ |BCS energy gap|^1/2 e^i(long-range coherent phase)
BCS energy gap for a single bound real electron-electron pair ~ |condensate pair wave function|^2
and shows that the superconductor giant quantum wave acts like a cosmological constant term in the Einstein-Hilbert action for the pure gravity field in vacuum only in the region of space-time where the superconducting giant quantum wave does not vanish obviously.
Modanese, however, does not derive the Einstein-Hilbert action from another analogous giant vacuum wave the way I do in the sense first suggested by Andrei Sakharov in Moscow in 1967.
However, adding my vacuum coherence wave to Modanese's real superconducting coherence wave gives a Josephson interferometer analog effect, which I do think is the basic "metric engineering" effect that we seem to be seeing in the flying saucer data.
Jack Sarfatti wrote:
Actually Boylan's quote is a garbled version of what I wrote describing a model of Giovanni Modanese's for how a real superconductor wave will modify space-time geometry like in the alleged "Podkletnov effect."
Back in San Francisco:
Thanks to Professor G. J. Hyland of the University of Warwick for sending me his summary of Herbert Frohlich's work upon which I base the following remarks on the physics of matter, mind and consciousness.
"once matter has been understood, penetrated by mind, the matter itself is transformed" H. Frohlich
Classical physics is IT.
IT = "matter"
Quantum physics is
IT "piloted" by BIT
BIT = "mind"
In quantum physics IT receives its marching orders from BIT but not vice versa.
Quantum physics is the sound of one hand clapping.
IT FROM BIT is monologue "one-way relation", action without direct reaction
The IT FROM BIT quantum potential is fragile with signal locality, no cloning a quantum
Post-quantum physics is
IT FROM BIT + BIT FROM IT
The "two way relation", "dialogue" with "signal nonlocality" hence "presponse", "animal telepathy" and "consciousness."
"coherence is a powerful, inherently nonlocal property, in terms of which diverse equilibrium and non-equilibrium macroscopic quantum phenomena find a unified description." Hyland
My theory of emergent Einstein gravity with dark energy/matter residual zero point energy density fields comes from "vacuum coherence."
"Vacuum coherence" is a special case of Frohlich's more general "coherence" which is also closely related to P. W. Anderson's "More is different" and "spontaneous breaking of symmetry" for the ground state of real on-mass-shell processes like a superconductor and the vacuum state for virtual off-mass-shell processes like Einstein's gravity as the bending of smooth space-time.
The creative tension between the themata of "nonlocal" and "local" should be noted.
Coherence has "nonlocal" long-range motional phase stability or "rigidity" with a local order parameter (AKA giant or "macro" quantum IT/BIT wave).
Coherence "being of a rather general nature was enthusiastically espoused by Frohlich following Yang's introduction of the associated concept of 'off-diagonal-long-rang-order' (AKA ODLRO) - a concept which Frohlich preferred to re-express in terms of macroscopic wave-functions exhibiting long-range phase correlations." G.J.H.
The living conscious mind is such a macroscopic ground state wave.
Einstein's gravity field and the dark energy and dark matter emerge from a macroscopic vacuum wave.
N-ODLRO happens when the N-particle reduced density matrix factorizes into coherent macro-quantum waves and a residual random zero point/normal fluid.
N = 1 in superfluid Helium
N = 2 in the real superconductor and also in emergent Einstein gravity from a virtual electron-positron vacuum condensate giant quantum wave.
Andrei Sakharov's "metric elasticity" is essentially an effect of the long-range phase correlations of the giant quantum vacuum wave that coheres the great bulk of the random zero point vacuum fluctuations of all the substrate quantum fields of all spins.
Coherence is oil calming the turbulent waters of the void.
This is the decoding of the "Cipher of Genesis" (Carlo Suares, Paris, 1973).
In next installment some comments on how Frohlich applied some of these same general ideas to living matter.
On Apr 10, 2004, at 4:21 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
From Santa Barbara, California
Frohlich's paper is not readable by non-specialists.
He does show how open dissipative systems far from thermal equilibrium above a critical threshold of energy flow
can develop a giant quantum wave analogous to a Bose-Einstein condensate in quantum equilibrium statistical mechanics.
This wave can develop as an electric polarization in a living membrane for example - or in the microtubules I suspect.
In my theory the BIT component of this giant electric polarization field is the physical mind field with a "two-way relation" between it's IT and BIT components, which make it "conscious" with "signal nonlocality" - a necessary condition for Dick Beirman's presponse data, for Rupert Sheldrake's data and for Puthoff-Targ SRI RV data. "Signal nonlocality" of course strongly violates micro-quantum theory, which in my view only works for "non-living" matter in thermal equilibrium or close to thermal equilibrium obeying the linear response "fluctuation-dissipation theorem" and the Kramers-Kronig retarded causality relations, both violated above a critical threshold of emergent complexity in open systems. This is the threshold between the nonliving and the living.
Micro-quantum theory with signal locality is to macro-quantum theory with signal nonlocality as special relativity is to general relativity.
"Consciousness" emerges in the ground state phase transition from micro to macro-quantum theory in very much the same formal way
that gravity (curvature) emerges in the micro-quantum to macro-quantum vacuum phase transition of inflationary cosmology.
From the point of view of the "Glass Bead Game" ("Magister Ludi, Herman Hesse) mathematics of category theory (functors, morphisms) there is a formal parallelism between "consciousness" and "gravity" though not the way Roger Penrose means it.
Frohlich gives all sorts of enticing tidbits about non-thermal effects of very low intensity micro and millimeter waves on biological complex open systems including cancer, in which the pulsing profile as well as the specific sharp frequencies are important - for effects not seen with continuous irradiation at same mean intensity.
Frohlich's model is "organic "in a very similar way to Bohm's quantum potential but with significant dynamical differences of course.
On Apr 7, 2004, at 10:09 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
On Apr 7, 2004, at 7:25 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
Herbert Frohlich's widow in center. Her husband's paper
"The Biological Effects of Microwaves and Related Questions" from 1980
are very important for Rupert's work, for Vanessa's work, for Brian's and for my work
on the relationship between consciousness and matter.
I will have details when I get back from Hollywood and points south next week. :-)
Notes on Herbert Frohlich’s 1980 paper
The Biological Effects of Microwaves and Related Questions
Jack Sarfatti
Microwaves, particularly millimeter waves are strongly absorbed in water.
These waves heat water.
There are non-thermal very low intensity biological effects.
The absorption of thermalized microwaves in water varies slowly with frequency and is roughly proportional to their incident intensity.
In contrast non-thermalized microwaves have sharp frequency absorption resonances with significant biological response at very weak intensity but often are hidden by thermalized microwaves. I conjecture that this may explain apparent lack of response to cell phones for example?
Thermal and non-thermal incident microwaves often counter each other in the biological response.
Biological systems respond collectively beyond the resonances of individual bio-molecules.
Extremely weak microwave intensity can have large biological effects from these collective modes.
Living matter is far from thermal equilibrium and has large amounts of energy stored that can be triggered in an avalanche by a tiny stimulus. Nonthermal microwaves can be such a trigger with large psychotronic effects in very sharp frequency windows.
Water absorbs strongly at 2450 megahertz.
Linear response theory is inadequate for living matter.
Coherent collective bio-electric vibrations pumped by metabolic energy can couple strongly to non-thermal microwaves.
In my theory for the generation of consciousness in our bodies, the living mind is the Bohm BIT pilot wave whose IT hidden variable is precisely these coherent collective bio-electric vibrations that Frohlich’s paper describes. Therefore, the Cold War claims of the KGB cadres of micro-wave mind-altering psychedelic psychotronic weapons allegedly used, for example, against the US Embassy people in Moscow (e.g. CIA Chief of Station: Harold Chipman’s story to me in mid 1980’s) has a certain plausibility, just as the recent 1999 discovery of anti-gravitating dark energy as the dominant part of the large-scale structure of the Universe adds plausibility to George Trimble’s 1956 remark about the zero g-force “acceleration field” (Paul Hill) “G-Engine” described by Nick Cook in “The Hunt for Zero Point.” See for example C. Ivanenko’s recent messages to me from Saint Petersburg, Russia on what was happening in the 1970’s.
“The fact … that the particular systems are brought together at a particular time in a particular place may well arise from certain collective properties of a larger region.”
H. Frohlich, p. 87
As Basil Hiley showed in London on March 17, 2004, Bohm’s quantum potential has this nature. However, to agree with Dick Bierman’s “presponse” data, with Rupert Shedrake’s “animal telepathy” data, with the Puthoff-Targ RV data et-al we also need non-equilibrium at the sub-quantal level in the sense of Antony Valentini’s model.
To be continued.
Thanks to Professor G. J. Hyland of the University of Warwick for sending me his summary of Herbert Frohlich's work upon which I base the following remarks on the physics of matter, mind and consciousness.
"once matter has been understood, penetrated by mind, the matter itself is transformed" H. Frohlich
Classical physics is IT.
IT = "matter"
Quantum physics is
IT "piloted" by BIT
BIT = "mind"
In quantum physics IT receives its marching orders from BIT but not vice versa.
Quantum physics is the sound of one hand clapping.
IT FROM BIT is monologue "one-way relation", action without direct reaction
The IT FROM BIT quantum potential is fragile with signal locality, no cloning a quantum
Post-quantum physics is
IT FROM BIT + BIT FROM IT
The "two way relation", "dialogue" with "signal nonlocality" hence "presponse", "animal telepathy" and "consciousness."
"coherence is a powerful, inherently nonlocal property, in terms of which diverse equilibrium and non-equilibrium macroscopic quantum phenomena find a unified description." Hyland
My theory of emergent Einstein gravity with dark energy/matter residual zero point energy density fields comes from "vacuum coherence."
"Vacuum coherence" is a special case of Frohlich's more general "coherence" which is also closely related to P. W. Anderson's "More is different" and "spontaneous breaking of symmetry" for the ground state of real on-mass-shell processes like a superconductor and the vacuum state for virtual off-mass-shell processes like Einstein's gravity as the bending of smooth space-time.
The creative tension between the themata of "nonlocal" and "local" should be noted.
Coherence has "nonlocal" long-range motional phase stability or "rigidity" with a local order parameter (AKA giant or "macro" quantum IT/BIT wave).
Coherence "being of a rather general nature was enthusiastically espoused by Frohlich following Yang's introduction of the associated concept of 'off-diagonal-long-rang-order' (AKA ODLRO) - a concept which Frohlich preferred to re-express in terms of macroscopic wave-functions exhibiting long-range phase correlations." G.J.H.
The living conscious mind is such a macroscopic ground state wave.
Einstein's gravity field and the dark energy and dark matter emerge from a macroscopic vacuum wave.
N-ODLRO happens when the N-particle reduced density matrix factorizes into coherent macro-quantum waves and a residual random zero point/normal fluid.
N = 1 in superfluid Helium
N = 2 in the real superconductor and also in emergent Einstein gravity from a virtual electron-positron vacuum condensate giant quantum wave.
Andrei Sakharov's "metric elasticity" is essentially an effect of the long-range phase correlations of the giant quantum vacuum wave that coheres the great bulk of the random zero point vacuum fluctuations of all the substrate quantum fields of all spins.
Coherence is oil calming the turbulent waters of the void.
This is the decoding of the "Cipher of Genesis" (Carlo Suares, Paris, 1973).
In next installment some comments on how Frohlich applied some of these same general ideas to living matter.
On Apr 10, 2004, at 4:21 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
From Santa Barbara, California
Frohlich's paper is not readable by non-specialists.
He does show how open dissipative systems far from thermal equilibrium above a critical threshold of energy flow
can develop a giant quantum wave analogous to a Bose-Einstein condensate in quantum equilibrium statistical mechanics.
This wave can develop as an electric polarization in a living membrane for example - or in the microtubules I suspect.
In my theory the BIT component of this giant electric polarization field is the physical mind field with a "two-way relation" between it's IT and BIT components, which make it "conscious" with "signal nonlocality" - a necessary condition for Dick Beirman's presponse data, for Rupert Sheldrake's data and for Puthoff-Targ SRI RV data. "Signal nonlocality" of course strongly violates micro-quantum theory, which in my view only works for "non-living" matter in thermal equilibrium or close to thermal equilibrium obeying the linear response "fluctuation-dissipation theorem" and the Kramers-Kronig retarded causality relations, both violated above a critical threshold of emergent complexity in open systems. This is the threshold between the nonliving and the living.
Micro-quantum theory with signal locality is to macro-quantum theory with signal nonlocality as special relativity is to general relativity.
"Consciousness" emerges in the ground state phase transition from micro to macro-quantum theory in very much the same formal way
that gravity (curvature) emerges in the micro-quantum to macro-quantum vacuum phase transition of inflationary cosmology.
From the point of view of the "Glass Bead Game" ("Magister Ludi, Herman Hesse) mathematics of category theory (functors, morphisms) there is a formal parallelism between "consciousness" and "gravity" though not the way Roger Penrose means it.
Frohlich gives all sorts of enticing tidbits about non-thermal effects of very low intensity micro and millimeter waves on biological complex open systems including cancer, in which the pulsing profile as well as the specific sharp frequencies are important - for effects not seen with continuous irradiation at same mean intensity.
Frohlich's model is "organic "in a very similar way to Bohm's quantum potential but with significant dynamical differences of course.
On Apr 7, 2004, at 10:09 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
On Apr 7, 2004, at 7:25 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
Herbert Frohlich's widow in center. Her husband's paper
"The Biological Effects of Microwaves and Related Questions" from 1980
are very important for Rupert's work, for Vanessa's work, for Brian's and for my work
on the relationship between consciousness and matter.
I will have details when I get back from Hollywood and points south next week. :-)
Notes on Herbert Frohlich’s 1980 paper
The Biological Effects of Microwaves and Related Questions
Jack Sarfatti
Microwaves, particularly millimeter waves are strongly absorbed in water.
These waves heat water.
There are non-thermal very low intensity biological effects.
The absorption of thermalized microwaves in water varies slowly with frequency and is roughly proportional to their incident intensity.
In contrast non-thermalized microwaves have sharp frequency absorption resonances with significant biological response at very weak intensity but often are hidden by thermalized microwaves. I conjecture that this may explain apparent lack of response to cell phones for example?
Thermal and non-thermal incident microwaves often counter each other in the biological response.
Biological systems respond collectively beyond the resonances of individual bio-molecules.
Extremely weak microwave intensity can have large biological effects from these collective modes.
Living matter is far from thermal equilibrium and has large amounts of energy stored that can be triggered in an avalanche by a tiny stimulus. Nonthermal microwaves can be such a trigger with large psychotronic effects in very sharp frequency windows.
Water absorbs strongly at 2450 megahertz.
Linear response theory is inadequate for living matter.
Coherent collective bio-electric vibrations pumped by metabolic energy can couple strongly to non-thermal microwaves.
In my theory for the generation of consciousness in our bodies, the living mind is the Bohm BIT pilot wave whose IT hidden variable is precisely these coherent collective bio-electric vibrations that Frohlich’s paper describes. Therefore, the Cold War claims of the KGB cadres of micro-wave mind-altering psychedelic psychotronic weapons allegedly used, for example, against the US Embassy people in Moscow (e.g. CIA Chief of Station: Harold Chipman’s story to me in mid 1980’s) has a certain plausibility, just as the recent 1999 discovery of anti-gravitating dark energy as the dominant part of the large-scale structure of the Universe adds plausibility to George Trimble’s 1956 remark about the zero g-force “acceleration field” (Paul Hill) “G-Engine” described by Nick Cook in “The Hunt for Zero Point.” See for example C. Ivanenko’s recent messages to me from Saint Petersburg, Russia on what was happening in the 1970’s.
“The fact … that the particular systems are brought together at a particular time in a particular place may well arise from certain collective properties of a larger region.”
H. Frohlich, p. 87
As Basil Hiley showed in London on March 17, 2004, Bohm’s quantum potential has this nature. However, to agree with Dick Bierman’s “presponse” data, with Rupert Shedrake’s “animal telepathy” data, with the Puthoff-Targ RV data et-al we also need non-equilibrium at the sub-quantal level in the sense of Antony Valentini’s model.
To be continued.
Saturday, April 10, 2004
Frohlich's paper is not readable by non-specialists.
He does show how open dissipative systems far from thermal equilibrium above a critical threshold of energy flow can develop a giant quantum wave analogous to a Bose-Einstein condensate in quantum equilibrium statistical mechanics.
This wave can develop as an electric polarization in a living membrane for example - or in the microtubules I suspect.
In my theory the BIT component of this giant electric polarization field is the physical mind field with a "two-way relation" between it's IT and BIT components, which make it "conscious" with "signal nonlocality" - a necessary condition for Dick Beirman's presponse data, for Rupert Sheldrake's data and for Puthoff-Targ SRI RV data. "Signal nonlocality" of course strongly violates micro-quantum theory, which in my view only works for "non-living" matter in thermal equilibrium or close to thermal equilibrium obeying the linear response "fluctuation-dissipation theorem" and the Kramers-Kronig retarded causality relations, both violated above a critical threshold of emergent complexity in open systems. This is the threshold between the nonliving and the living.
Micro-quantum theory with signal locality is to macro-quantum theory with signal nonlocality as special relativity is to general relativity.
"Consciousness" emerges in the ground state phase transition from micro to macro-quantum theory in very much the same formal way that gravity (curvature) emerges in the micro-quantum to macro-quantum vacuum phase transition of inflationary cosmology.
From the point of view of the "Glass Bead Game" ("Magister Ludi, Herman Hesse) mathematics of category theory (functors, morphisms) there is a formal parallelism between "consciousness" and "gravity" though not the way Roger Penrose means it.
Frohlich gives all sorts of enticing tidbits about non-thermal effects of very low intensity micro and millimeter waves on biological complex open systems including cancer, in which the pulsing profile as well as the specific sharp frequencies are important - for effects not seen with continuous irradiation at same mean intensity.
Frohlich's model is "organic "in a very similar way to Bohm's quantum potential but with significant dynamical differences of course.
On Apr 7, 2004, at 10:09 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
On Apr 7, 2004, at 7:25 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
Herbert Frohlich's widow in center. Her husband's paper
"The Biological Effects of Microwaves and Related Questions" from 1980
are very important for Rupert's work, for Vanessa's work, for Brian's and for my work
on the relationship between consciousness and matter.
I will have details when I get back from Hollywood and points south next week. :-)
Notes on Herbert Frohlich’s 1980 paper
The Biological Effects of Microwaves and Related Questions
Jack Sarfatti
Microwaves, particularly millimeter waves are strongly absorbed in water.
These waves heat water.
There are non-thermal very low intensity biological effects.
The absorption of thermalized microwaves in water varies slowly with frequency and is roughly proportional to their incident intensity.
In contrast non-thermalized microwaves have sharp frequency absorption resonances with significant biological response at very weak intensity but often are hidden by thermalized microwaves. I conjecture that this may explain apparent lack of response to cell phones for example?
Thermal and non-thermal incident microwaves often counter each other in the biological response.
Biological systems respond collectively beyond the resonances of individual bio-molecules.
Extremely weak microwave intensity can have large biological effects from these collective modes.
Living matter is far from thermal equilibrium and has large amounts of energy stored that can be triggered in an avalanche by a tiny stimulus. Nonthermal microwaves can be such a trigger with large psychotronic effects in very sharp frequency windows.
Water absorbs strongly at 2450 megahertz.
Linear response theory is inadequate for living matter.
Coherent collective bio-electric vibrations pumped by metabolic energy can couple strongly to non-thermal microwaves.
In my theory for the generation of consciousness in our bodies, the living mind is the Bohm BIT pilot wave whose IT hidden variable is precisely these coherent collective bio-electric vibrations that Frohlich’s paper describes. Therefore, the Cold War claims of the KGB cadres of micro-wave mind-altering psychedelic psychotronic weapons allegedly used, for example, against the US Embassy people in Moscow (e.g. CIA Chief of Station: Harold Chipman’s story to me in mid 1980’s) has a certain plausibility, just as the recent 1999 discovery of anti-gravitating dark energy as the dominant part of the large-scale structure of the Universe adds plausibility to George Trimble’s 1956 remark about the zero g-force “acceleration field” (Paul Hill) “G-Engine” described by Nick Cook in “The Hunt for Zero Point.” See for example C. Ivanenko’s recent messages to me from Saint Petersburg, Russia on what was happening in the 1970’s.
“The fact … that the particular systems are brought together at a particular time in a particular place may well arise from certain collective properties of a larger region.”
H. Frohlich, p. 87
As Basil Hiley showed in London on March 17, 2004, Bohm’s quantum potential has this nature. However, to agree with Dick Bierman’s “presponse” data, with Rupert Shedrake’s “animal telepathy” data, with the Puthoff-Targ RV data et-al we also need non-equilibrium at the sub-quantal level in the sense of Antony Valentini’s model.
To be continued.
He does show how open dissipative systems far from thermal equilibrium above a critical threshold of energy flow can develop a giant quantum wave analogous to a Bose-Einstein condensate in quantum equilibrium statistical mechanics.
This wave can develop as an electric polarization in a living membrane for example - or in the microtubules I suspect.
In my theory the BIT component of this giant electric polarization field is the physical mind field with a "two-way relation" between it's IT and BIT components, which make it "conscious" with "signal nonlocality" - a necessary condition for Dick Beirman's presponse data, for Rupert Sheldrake's data and for Puthoff-Targ SRI RV data. "Signal nonlocality" of course strongly violates micro-quantum theory, which in my view only works for "non-living" matter in thermal equilibrium or close to thermal equilibrium obeying the linear response "fluctuation-dissipation theorem" and the Kramers-Kronig retarded causality relations, both violated above a critical threshold of emergent complexity in open systems. This is the threshold between the nonliving and the living.
Micro-quantum theory with signal locality is to macro-quantum theory with signal nonlocality as special relativity is to general relativity.
"Consciousness" emerges in the ground state phase transition from micro to macro-quantum theory in very much the same formal way that gravity (curvature) emerges in the micro-quantum to macro-quantum vacuum phase transition of inflationary cosmology.
From the point of view of the "Glass Bead Game" ("Magister Ludi, Herman Hesse) mathematics of category theory (functors, morphisms) there is a formal parallelism between "consciousness" and "gravity" though not the way Roger Penrose means it.
Frohlich gives all sorts of enticing tidbits about non-thermal effects of very low intensity micro and millimeter waves on biological complex open systems including cancer, in which the pulsing profile as well as the specific sharp frequencies are important - for effects not seen with continuous irradiation at same mean intensity.
Frohlich's model is "organic "in a very similar way to Bohm's quantum potential but with significant dynamical differences of course.
On Apr 7, 2004, at 10:09 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
On Apr 7, 2004, at 7:25 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
Herbert Frohlich's widow in center. Her husband's paper
"The Biological Effects of Microwaves and Related Questions" from 1980
are very important for Rupert's work, for Vanessa's work, for Brian's and for my work
on the relationship between consciousness and matter.
I will have details when I get back from Hollywood and points south next week. :-)
Notes on Herbert Frohlich’s 1980 paper
The Biological Effects of Microwaves and Related Questions
Jack Sarfatti
Microwaves, particularly millimeter waves are strongly absorbed in water.
These waves heat water.
There are non-thermal very low intensity biological effects.
The absorption of thermalized microwaves in water varies slowly with frequency and is roughly proportional to their incident intensity.
In contrast non-thermalized microwaves have sharp frequency absorption resonances with significant biological response at very weak intensity but often are hidden by thermalized microwaves. I conjecture that this may explain apparent lack of response to cell phones for example?
Thermal and non-thermal incident microwaves often counter each other in the biological response.
Biological systems respond collectively beyond the resonances of individual bio-molecules.
Extremely weak microwave intensity can have large biological effects from these collective modes.
Living matter is far from thermal equilibrium and has large amounts of energy stored that can be triggered in an avalanche by a tiny stimulus. Nonthermal microwaves can be such a trigger with large psychotronic effects in very sharp frequency windows.
Water absorbs strongly at 2450 megahertz.
Linear response theory is inadequate for living matter.
Coherent collective bio-electric vibrations pumped by metabolic energy can couple strongly to non-thermal microwaves.
In my theory for the generation of consciousness in our bodies, the living mind is the Bohm BIT pilot wave whose IT hidden variable is precisely these coherent collective bio-electric vibrations that Frohlich’s paper describes. Therefore, the Cold War claims of the KGB cadres of micro-wave mind-altering psychedelic psychotronic weapons allegedly used, for example, against the US Embassy people in Moscow (e.g. CIA Chief of Station: Harold Chipman’s story to me in mid 1980’s) has a certain plausibility, just as the recent 1999 discovery of anti-gravitating dark energy as the dominant part of the large-scale structure of the Universe adds plausibility to George Trimble’s 1956 remark about the zero g-force “acceleration field” (Paul Hill) “G-Engine” described by Nick Cook in “The Hunt for Zero Point.” See for example C. Ivanenko’s recent messages to me from Saint Petersburg, Russia on what was happening in the 1970’s.
“The fact … that the particular systems are brought together at a particular time in a particular place may well arise from certain collective properties of a larger region.”
H. Frohlich, p. 87
As Basil Hiley showed in London on March 17, 2004, Bohm’s quantum potential has this nature. However, to agree with Dick Bierman’s “presponse” data, with Rupert Shedrake’s “animal telepathy” data, with the Puthoff-Targ RV data et-al we also need non-equilibrium at the sub-quantal level in the sense of Antony Valentini’s model.
To be continued.
Tuesday, April 06, 2004
On Apr 6, 2004, at 5:20 PM, Geoffrey Hunter wrote:
Jack:
I found this communication especially interesting - chapter 7 in which
book ?:
"The Hunt For Zero Point" by Nick Cook. Very interesting book but it
has errors in physics, which if corrected in 2nd edition will make it the second
most important book on UFOs since Paul Hill's "Unconventional Flying Objects."
1. You mention a movie of Eric Laithwaite easily lifting a precessing
gyroscope - I'd like to see that - do you have a URL or other reference ?
We had it at ISSO in 1999-2000 when you were there. Maybe Creon still has it?
I think it was actually Laithwaite's actual talk at the Royal Society in London?
2. I like to work through the details of the math myself - to really
understand - do you have a citation to where it is presented ?
No, I do not know if anyone did it in detail. I am pretty sure there is no violation of
standard mechanics. These classical mechanical problems are tricky if one is rusty and has not been teaching the
subject for years. One can see the basic idea however from Feynman Vol I. If I find time I will work
on this some more.
3. In summary you seem to be saying that the mass does not change, but the
effective weight (the force required to lift the precessing gyroscope) does
change - it is reduced substantially compared with the stationary gyro.
That is highly significant - it means that such an object (precessing gyro)
could be put into orbit (or even accelerated to escape velocity) with much
less energy that when the object is stationary. Has NASA investigated this ?
It seems to me that in that very special circumstance m is the same of course, but the effective
inertial acceleration g is replaced by g - a where a is a function of the additional torque applied
by Laithwaite's arm added to the torque from the Earth's gravity field. It's a precession/nutation effect.
For example look at Fig 20-5 p. 20-7 of Vol I of Feynman's Lectures on Physics, Feynman writes:
"It's very strange that when one suddenly lets go of a gyroscope it does not fall under the action of gravity, but moves sideways ..."
There you have it! That's the essence of it. Details are not trivial for Laithwaite's Rube Goldberg contraption, but it is obvious that Newton's laws suffice. It would be a good Senior Physics or Mechanical Engineering Thesis problem at say Princeton to work it out in all the details probably with 3D computer simulation. It's been a long time since I got my hands dirty in this area. :-)
Sure there may be some practical benefit from big flywheels on airplanes but it would not be a violation of Newton's laws nor would it be true anti-gravity the way George Trimble meant it in 1956 as cited by Nick.
I tell you what. ISEP will give a $500 prize to first person who sends me a correct solution. Preferably a student.
Jack:
I found this communication especially interesting - chapter 7 in which
book ?:
"The Hunt For Zero Point" by Nick Cook. Very interesting book but it
has errors in physics, which if corrected in 2nd edition will make it the second
most important book on UFOs since Paul Hill's "Unconventional Flying Objects."
1. You mention a movie of Eric Laithwaite easily lifting a precessing
gyroscope - I'd like to see that - do you have a URL or other reference ?
We had it at ISSO in 1999-2000 when you were there. Maybe Creon still has it?
I think it was actually Laithwaite's actual talk at the Royal Society in London?
2. I like to work through the details of the math myself - to really
understand - do you have a citation to where it is presented ?
No, I do not know if anyone did it in detail. I am pretty sure there is no violation of
standard mechanics. These classical mechanical problems are tricky if one is rusty and has not been teaching the
subject for years. One can see the basic idea however from Feynman Vol I. If I find time I will work
on this some more.
3. In summary you seem to be saying that the mass does not change, but the
effective weight (the force required to lift the precessing gyroscope) does
change - it is reduced substantially compared with the stationary gyro.
That is highly significant - it means that such an object (precessing gyro)
could be put into orbit (or even accelerated to escape velocity) with much
less energy that when the object is stationary. Has NASA investigated this ?
It seems to me that in that very special circumstance m is the same of course, but the effective
inertial acceleration g is replaced by g - a where a is a function of the additional torque applied
by Laithwaite's arm added to the torque from the Earth's gravity field. It's a precession/nutation effect.
For example look at Fig 20-5 p. 20-7 of Vol I of Feynman's Lectures on Physics, Feynman writes:
"It's very strange that when one suddenly lets go of a gyroscope it does not fall under the action of gravity, but moves sideways ..."
There you have it! That's the essence of it. Details are not trivial for Laithwaite's Rube Goldberg contraption, but it is obvious that Newton's laws suffice. It would be a good Senior Physics or Mechanical Engineering Thesis problem at say Princeton to work it out in all the details probably with 3D computer simulation. It's been a long time since I got my hands dirty in this area. :-)
Sure there may be some practical benefit from big flywheels on airplanes but it would not be a violation of Newton's laws nor would it be true anti-gravity the way George Trimble meant it in 1956 as cited by Nick.
I tell you what. ISEP will give a $500 prize to first person who sends me a correct solution. Preferably a student.
Note #15
Chapter 7 on the apparent anti-gravity of falling gyroscopes has physics errors in it. The behavior of gyroscopes is counter-intuitive, but there is no reason to think that Newton's laws of rotating rigid bodies, the Euler equations based on
Torque = d(Rotational Momentum)/dt
fails. What Eric Laithwaite showed (p. 83) is not a violation of battle-tested physics.
"In the mid-1970's ... Laithwaite ... demonstrated the apparent weight loss of a pair of heavy gyroscopes by lifting the whole whirling contraption with one hand and wheeling it freely around his head. When the twin rotors were not in motion, attempting this feat was impossible. The gyroscopes were the size and weight of dumbells. But when the rotors turned they became as light as a feather. Somewhere along the line, the machine had lost weight." p. 83
This description is true. I saw the film. What we have here is a kind of lever with a rotational mechanical advantage showing Galileo's equivalence principle that gravity is locally an inertial force in which the mass cancels out. The weight vector is no longer mg but is m(g + a) where a comes from the torque that Laithwaite applies added to that of gravity. Laithwaite applies a force F, but the torque is Fxr and he had a mechanical advantage when distance r to a pivot point increases he needs less F to counter the fixed torque from the g-field. These are all 3-vector additions of course. Note that "m" the mass never changes in these counter-intuitive inertial force effects. That is another serious confusion Nick makes because Hal Puthoff also makes it when he writes stuff like m = moK^3/2 in his ill-posed "interstellar propulsion" "metric engineering" papers for NASA BPP and the Mitre Connference - a false lead into a blind alley barking up the wrong tree shining a strong light in the wrong part of the black box feeling the wrong part of the Sufi elephant. :-)
"an apparent contravention of the laws of physics, the negation, at a stroke, of Newton's Third Law of action-reaction" p. 83
No! Just the opposite. Of course, practical applications of massive rotating wheels to propulsion are possible because of these precession-nutation effect. These classical mechanical problems are not always easy to solve especially where there is friction and chaos plays a role. The apparent weight loss is a precession effect, which is not to say it does not have practical value like Archimedes Lever. We have lots of rotating machinery and Newton's laws work fine. Take helicopters for example. However, rotating classical machinery, as distinct from rotating macro-quantum machinery like perhaps something close to Podkletnov's, will not make a zero g force "acceleration field" "G-Engine" the way George Trimble envisioned it in 1956. A good book to consult on gyroscopes is Feynman's Volume I of "Lectures on Physics" When Laithwaite lifts his gyros he is applying an additional torque to the one applied by the Earth's gravity field (in Newton's sense) and the apparent weight loss can be explained by a detailed application of Newton's laws. Apply it practically? By all means.
Note that
Torque = d(Rotational Momentum)/dt
is to the rotation group O(3)
what
Force = d(Translational Momentum)/dt
is to the space-translation group T(3) in Galilean relativity.
The basic math is Noether's theorem connecting symmetries with conservation laws.
Chapter 7 on the apparent anti-gravity of falling gyroscopes has physics errors in it. The behavior of gyroscopes is counter-intuitive, but there is no reason to think that Newton's laws of rotating rigid bodies, the Euler equations based on
Torque = d(Rotational Momentum)/dt
fails. What Eric Laithwaite showed (p. 83) is not a violation of battle-tested physics.
"In the mid-1970's ... Laithwaite ... demonstrated the apparent weight loss of a pair of heavy gyroscopes by lifting the whole whirling contraption with one hand and wheeling it freely around his head. When the twin rotors were not in motion, attempting this feat was impossible. The gyroscopes were the size and weight of dumbells. But when the rotors turned they became as light as a feather. Somewhere along the line, the machine had lost weight." p. 83
This description is true. I saw the film. What we have here is a kind of lever with a rotational mechanical advantage showing Galileo's equivalence principle that gravity is locally an inertial force in which the mass cancels out. The weight vector is no longer mg but is m(g + a) where a comes from the torque that Laithwaite applies added to that of gravity. Laithwaite applies a force F, but the torque is Fxr and he had a mechanical advantage when distance r to a pivot point increases he needs less F to counter the fixed torque from the g-field. These are all 3-vector additions of course. Note that "m" the mass never changes in these counter-intuitive inertial force effects. That is another serious confusion Nick makes because Hal Puthoff also makes it when he writes stuff like m = moK^3/2 in his ill-posed "interstellar propulsion" "metric engineering" papers for NASA BPP and the Mitre Connference - a false lead into a blind alley barking up the wrong tree shining a strong light in the wrong part of the black box feeling the wrong part of the Sufi elephant. :-)
"an apparent contravention of the laws of physics, the negation, at a stroke, of Newton's Third Law of action-reaction" p. 83
No! Just the opposite. Of course, practical applications of massive rotating wheels to propulsion are possible because of these precession-nutation effect. These classical mechanical problems are not always easy to solve especially where there is friction and chaos plays a role. The apparent weight loss is a precession effect, which is not to say it does not have practical value like Archimedes Lever. We have lots of rotating machinery and Newton's laws work fine. Take helicopters for example. However, rotating classical machinery, as distinct from rotating macro-quantum machinery like perhaps something close to Podkletnov's, will not make a zero g force "acceleration field" "G-Engine" the way George Trimble envisioned it in 1956. A good book to consult on gyroscopes is Feynman's Volume I of "Lectures on Physics" When Laithwaite lifts his gyros he is applying an additional torque to the one applied by the Earth's gravity field (in Newton's sense) and the apparent weight loss can be explained by a detailed application of Newton's laws. Apply it practically? By all means.
Note that
Torque = d(Rotational Momentum)/dt
is to the rotation group O(3)
what
Force = d(Translational Momentum)/dt
is to the space-translation group T(3) in Galilean relativity.
The basic math is Noether's theorem connecting symmetries with conservation laws.
Monday, April 05, 2004
Note # 14 for review of Nick Cook's "Hunt for the Zero Point" as a chapter in my book "Super Cosmos"
under construction at http://qedcorp.com/destiny/SuperCosmos.pdf warning this is an 8 meg file
Everything in the book about the physics of T. T. Brown, mainly Chapter 3 should be rejected as a serious contender for any kind of practical propulsion system. It would definitely not be a zero-g force warp drive like in George Trimble's 1956 "G-Engine" e.g. p. 3, which is pointing to "The Right Stuff"! Everything I am doing now in 2004 is an implementation of George Trimble's concept.
The history of the evolution of "The Right Stuff" here is:
British Intelligence's Herman Bondi's anti-gravity "negative matter propulsion" taken up by Stalin's physics spymaster Yackov Terletskii in late 50's to 60's about same time as George Trimble's remark that could have been a bit earlier based on still earlier empirical work by Paul Hill who deduced zero g-force "acceleration fields" from the good flying saucer USG data from WWII up to early 1950's.
Next breakthrough was Kip Thorne's "exotic matter" ~ 1986 for Star Gates (traversable wormholes) from Carl Sagan triggered by me and Saul-Paul Sirag via Francis Ford Coppola as told by Saul-Paul Sirag in my book "Destiny Martrix" (2002) on Amazon et-al.
Then came Alcubierre's warp drive early 1990's that is essentially a reformulation of Bondi's "negative matter propulsion" but in the more rigorous mathematics of Einstein's theory of general relativity. Bondi's discussion was basically heuristic like Robert Forward's article "Negative Matter Propulsion" in early 90's.
Meantime evidence for attractive "dark matter" has been growing in astronomy from the 1980's from gravity lensing mostly. It's significance for the UFO problem was not understood. Still is not by anyone but me it appears.
The big breakthrough started in 1999 culminating in early 2004 with the Type 1a supernovae data showing an anti-gravity cosmic field of w = -1 to 2% error that is ~ 3/4 of all the large-scale stuff in our Universe, i.e. in the past cosmic light cone of our telescopes (in all frequency ranges). The SNAP probe will pin this w number down to better than 2% precision.
w = pressure/(energy density)
w = -1 puts us right on the cutting edge of Apocalypse Now Doomsday WMD of the "Big Rip" (see Sir Martin Rees's "Our Final Hour).
The anti-gravity cosmic "dark energy" field comes from "exotic vacuum" positive zero point energy density with equal and opposite negative quantum pressure. However, according to Einstein together with Heisenberg, the pressure dominates by a factor of 3 over the energy density. Therefore, negative quantum pressure exotic vacuum anti-gravitates and this is mainstream physics!
My contribution here is to add "vacuum coherence" and to provide its mechanism in the condensate of bound virtual electron-positron pairs.
This instantly solves the "cosmological constant" dilemma because the vacuum coherence sucks up the random zero point energy density that would make the cosmological constant more than 120 powers of ten too big! Not only that, the modulation of the phase of the vacuum coherence gives Einstein's theory of gravity very beautifully!
The dark matter ~ 1/4 of large-scale stuff of the past Universe is also w = -1, but of negative zero point energy density exotic vacuum with positive pressure.
As Above, So Below
A big sphere of w = -1 exotic vacuum holds the stars in our galaxy together. This sphere mimics w = 0 CDM (cold dark matter).
Real lepto-quarks are generalized Kerr-Newman type "micro-geons" (e.g. Ya Burinski) with strong short-range G* >> G(Newton) from exotic vacuum vortex filaments stabilizing the micro-geon solutions. That is, the zero point energy induced strong short-range gravity of positive pressure solves the Abraham-Becker-Lorentz stress problem of 100 years for an extended electron micro-geon that appears to shrink in high energy imaging and which obeys the string theory universal Regge slope trajectory patterns in the case of hadronic resonances ~ (1Gev)^-1. All of this agrees with "Einstein's Vision" as explained by John Archibald Wheeler in his 1950's book "Geometrodynamics." Wheeler could not fulfill Einstein's Vision because he lacked the idea of strong short-range effective gravity from negative zero point energy density with positive pressure. Also he did not have the idea of "vacuum coherence."
The basic way to control gravity is via Josephson weak link interferometry as we begin to see in Ray Chiao's "gravity radio" for high efficiency transduction of EM waves to gravity waves and vice versa using a superconductor. We are not interested in waves however. That's weak stuff. We are interested in near field stuff. Also Chiao does not have the concept of vacuum coherence neither does Giovanni Modanese whose model is also close the the Right Stuff as is Chiao's.
That is,
/\zpf(induced by superconductor) ~ (Quantum of Area)^1/2|Non-Exotic Vacuum Coherence||Superconductor Coherence|Cosine(2pi Flux/Quantum of Flux)
The "Flux" includes rotational Lense-Thirring "gravimagnetic" with G* >> G(Newton) electromagnetic terms as well.
Note that anti-gravity "dark energy" is /\zpf > 0
Gravitating "dark matter" is /\zpf < 0
Where the all important sign depends on the cosine relative phase factor.
The "effective mass density" of exotic vacuum obeys
G*(effective mass density) = c^2/\zpf
Therefore you need to compare
G(Newton)(real mass density of ordinary matter and applied EM field) to c^2/\zpf
The point is that in flying saucers
c^2/\zpf >> G(Newton)(real mass density of ordinary matter and applied EM field)
in thin boundary layers inside the nano-engineered smart material of the fuselage.
"There is plenty of room at the bottom." Richard Feynman
Indeed, the smart material of the fuselage may well be a conscious artificial intelligence!
(e.g. http://www.nonlocal.com/hbar/frohlich.html )
The local macro-quantum coherence order parameters of both vacuum and superconductor are normalized in usual way like single-particle micro-quantum BIT Bohm pilot waves ~ (Volume)^-1/2 so that /\zpf has dimensions (Area)^-1 in the exotic vacuum field equation
Guv + /\zpfguv = 0
which replaces Einstein's
Ruv = 0
where
Guv = Ruv - (1/2)Rguv
under construction at http://qedcorp.com/destiny/SuperCosmos.pdf warning this is an 8 meg file
Everything in the book about the physics of T. T. Brown, mainly Chapter 3 should be rejected as a serious contender for any kind of practical propulsion system. It would definitely not be a zero-g force warp drive like in George Trimble's 1956 "G-Engine" e.g. p. 3, which is pointing to "The Right Stuff"! Everything I am doing now in 2004 is an implementation of George Trimble's concept.
The history of the evolution of "The Right Stuff" here is:
British Intelligence's Herman Bondi's anti-gravity "negative matter propulsion" taken up by Stalin's physics spymaster Yackov Terletskii in late 50's to 60's about same time as George Trimble's remark that could have been a bit earlier based on still earlier empirical work by Paul Hill who deduced zero g-force "acceleration fields" from the good flying saucer USG data from WWII up to early 1950's.
Next breakthrough was Kip Thorne's "exotic matter" ~ 1986 for Star Gates (traversable wormholes) from Carl Sagan triggered by me and Saul-Paul Sirag via Francis Ford Coppola as told by Saul-Paul Sirag in my book "Destiny Martrix" (2002) on Amazon et-al.
Then came Alcubierre's warp drive early 1990's that is essentially a reformulation of Bondi's "negative matter propulsion" but in the more rigorous mathematics of Einstein's theory of general relativity. Bondi's discussion was basically heuristic like Robert Forward's article "Negative Matter Propulsion" in early 90's.
Meantime evidence for attractive "dark matter" has been growing in astronomy from the 1980's from gravity lensing mostly. It's significance for the UFO problem was not understood. Still is not by anyone but me it appears.
The big breakthrough started in 1999 culminating in early 2004 with the Type 1a supernovae data showing an anti-gravity cosmic field of w = -1 to 2% error that is ~ 3/4 of all the large-scale stuff in our Universe, i.e. in the past cosmic light cone of our telescopes (in all frequency ranges). The SNAP probe will pin this w number down to better than 2% precision.
w = pressure/(energy density)
w = -1 puts us right on the cutting edge of Apocalypse Now Doomsday WMD of the "Big Rip" (see Sir Martin Rees's "Our Final Hour).
The anti-gravity cosmic "dark energy" field comes from "exotic vacuum" positive zero point energy density with equal and opposite negative quantum pressure. However, according to Einstein together with Heisenberg, the pressure dominates by a factor of 3 over the energy density. Therefore, negative quantum pressure exotic vacuum anti-gravitates and this is mainstream physics!
My contribution here is to add "vacuum coherence" and to provide its mechanism in the condensate of bound virtual electron-positron pairs.
This instantly solves the "cosmological constant" dilemma because the vacuum coherence sucks up the random zero point energy density that would make the cosmological constant more than 120 powers of ten too big! Not only that, the modulation of the phase of the vacuum coherence gives Einstein's theory of gravity very beautifully!
The dark matter ~ 1/4 of large-scale stuff of the past Universe is also w = -1, but of negative zero point energy density exotic vacuum with positive pressure.
As Above, So Below
A big sphere of w = -1 exotic vacuum holds the stars in our galaxy together. This sphere mimics w = 0 CDM (cold dark matter).
Real lepto-quarks are generalized Kerr-Newman type "micro-geons" (e.g. Ya Burinski) with strong short-range G* >> G(Newton) from exotic vacuum vortex filaments stabilizing the micro-geon solutions. That is, the zero point energy induced strong short-range gravity of positive pressure solves the Abraham-Becker-Lorentz stress problem of 100 years for an extended electron micro-geon that appears to shrink in high energy imaging and which obeys the string theory universal Regge slope trajectory patterns in the case of hadronic resonances ~ (1Gev)^-1. All of this agrees with "Einstein's Vision" as explained by John Archibald Wheeler in his 1950's book "Geometrodynamics." Wheeler could not fulfill Einstein's Vision because he lacked the idea of strong short-range effective gravity from negative zero point energy density with positive pressure. Also he did not have the idea of "vacuum coherence."
The basic way to control gravity is via Josephson weak link interferometry as we begin to see in Ray Chiao's "gravity radio" for high efficiency transduction of EM waves to gravity waves and vice versa using a superconductor. We are not interested in waves however. That's weak stuff. We are interested in near field stuff. Also Chiao does not have the concept of vacuum coherence neither does Giovanni Modanese whose model is also close the the Right Stuff as is Chiao's.
That is,
/\zpf(induced by superconductor) ~ (Quantum of Area)^1/2|Non-Exotic Vacuum Coherence||Superconductor Coherence|Cosine(2pi Flux/Quantum of Flux)
The "Flux" includes rotational Lense-Thirring "gravimagnetic" with G* >> G(Newton) electromagnetic terms as well.
Note that anti-gravity "dark energy" is /\zpf > 0
Gravitating "dark matter" is /\zpf < 0
Where the all important sign depends on the cosine relative phase factor.
The "effective mass density" of exotic vacuum obeys
G*(effective mass density) = c^2/\zpf
Therefore you need to compare
G(Newton)(real mass density of ordinary matter and applied EM field) to c^2/\zpf
The point is that in flying saucers
c^2/\zpf >> G(Newton)(real mass density of ordinary matter and applied EM field)
in thin boundary layers inside the nano-engineered smart material of the fuselage.
"There is plenty of room at the bottom." Richard Feynman
Indeed, the smart material of the fuselage may well be a conscious artificial intelligence!
(e.g. http://www.nonlocal.com/hbar/frohlich.html )
The local macro-quantum coherence order parameters of both vacuum and superconductor are normalized in usual way like single-particle micro-quantum BIT Bohm pilot waves ~ (Volume)^-1/2 so that /\zpf has dimensions (Area)^-1 in the exotic vacuum field equation
Guv + /\zpfguv = 0
which replaces Einstein's
Ruv = 0
where
Guv = Ruv - (1/2)Rguv
On Apr 5, 2004, at 10:21 AM, Gary S. Bekkum wrote:
Hi Jack.
Are you familiar with these papers?
No I am not, thanks. Also where did you get this "Appendix" it is useful.
Note that there is no "gravimagnetism" at all in Hal Puthoff's PV model last I saw. He is not able to handle rotation of source bodies at all.
Even if everything else he says were correct, it's not, this alone would disqualify his model as a serious contender for metric engineering and the explanation of the flying saucer physics data as well as the 1956 statement by George Trimble on the "G-Engine" (see Nick Cook's book).
I am now essentially beginning to show how real G-Engines work.
Remember G*(zero point energy induced) >> G(Newton) on tiny nanometer and less scales is one of the key ideas.
You can even imagine a tight fitting "metallic" "Flying Suit" of smart nano-engineered material (high Tc) to fly like Super Man. The US Army would sure like that. :-)
==========================================
Appendix - MKS Units for the Gravitomagnetic Field.
Gravitoelectric Charge = Kg
(in purely electrical units, Kg = (Weber/Meter)(Coul/Meter)(Sec)
Gravitoelectric Field = Meter/Sec-Squared
Gravitoelectric Flux Density = Kg/Meter-Squared
Mass Current = Kg/Sec = (Weber/Meter)(Coul/Meter)
Gravitomagnetic Dipole Moment = (Kg)(Meter-Squared)/Sec
= Angular Momentum
= (Coulomb)(Weber)
Gravitoelectric Dipole Moment = (Kg)(Meter)
(You would need the equivalent of negative mass to make one of these)
Gravitomagnetic Charge = (Velocity)(Meter) = Square-Meter/Sec
Gravitomagnetic Field = (Mass Current)/Meter = Kg/Sec-Meter
= (Coul/Meter)(Weber/Meter)/Meter
Gravitomagnetic Flux Density = (Gravitomagnetic Charge)/Meter^2
= Velocity/Meter
= 1/Sec = Angular Velocity
Gravitoelectric Scalar Potential = Joule/Kg
= (Acceleration)(Meter)
= (Gravitoelectric Field)(Meter)
= Velocity-Squared
= Meter-Squared/Second-Squared
Gravitomagnetic Vector Potential = (Gravitomagnetic Charge)/Meter
= Velocity = Meter/Sec
Gravitoelectric Permitivity = Gravitoelectric Flux per Gravitoelectric Field
= (Kg)(Second-Squared)/(Cubic Meter)
= 1/4(Pi)(G) = 1.1927E09 Kg-Sec^2/Meter^3
Gravitomagnetic Permeability = Gravitomagnetic Flux per Gravitomagnetic Field
= Meter/Kg
Assuming Gravitational Waves Propagate at the Velocity of Light --
= 1/(c-squared)(epsilon0)
= 9.316E-27 Meter/Kg
References:
1. US Patent No 3626605, Method and Apparatus for Generating a Secondary
Gravitational Force Field, Henry Wm Wallace, Ardmore PA, Dec 14, 1971.
Wallace's first patent. The gravitomagnetic field is named the
kinemassic field. The patent describes the embodiment of his
experiment. An additional embodiment of the invention (Figures 7, 7A,
and 7B) describes how a time varying gravitomagnetic field can be used
to shield the primary background gravitoelectric field. Available on
the net. http://www.eskimo.com/~billb/weird/wallc/
2. US Patent No 3626606, Method and Apparatus for Generating a Dynamic
Force Field, Henry Wm Wallace, Ardmore PA, Dec 14, 1971.
Wallace's second patent provides a variation of his experiment. A
type III-V semiconductor material (Indium Arsenide), of which both
materials have unpaired nuclear spin, is used as an electronic
detector for the gravitomagnetic field. The experiment demonstrates
that the material in his gravitomagnetic field circuit has hysterisis
and remanence effects analogous to magnetic materials. Available on
the net. http://www.eskimo.com/~billb/weird/wallc/
3. US Patent No 3823570, Heat Pump, Henry Wm Wallace, 60 Oxford Drive,
Freeport NY, July 16, 1974
Wallaces third patent provides an additional variation of his
experiment. Wallace demonstrates that by aligning the nuclear spin
of materials having an odd number of nucleons, order is created in
the material, resulting in a change in specific heat.
4. New Scientist, 14 February 1980, Patents Review
This article is one of the only references to Wallace's work anywhere
in the literature. The article provides a brief summary of his
invention and ends with this intriguing paragraph. "Although the
Wallace patents were initially ignored as cranky, observers believe
that his invention is now under serious but secret investigation by
the military authorities in the US. The military may now regret that
the patents have already been granted and so are available for anyone
to read."
5. Electric Propulsion Study, Dennis L. Cravens, Science Applications
International Corp, August 1990, Prepared for Astronautics Laboratory,
Edwards AFB
This report provides a detailed review of a variety of 5-D theories of
gravitational and electromagnetic interactions. It also provides a
summary of a variety of possibly anomalous experiments, including
experiments relating to spin aligned nuclei. The reports contains two
paragraphs about Wallace's inventions -- partially quoted here: "The
patents are written in a very believable style which include part
numbers, sources for some components, and diagrams of data. Attempts
were made to contact Wallace using patent addresses and other sources
but he was not located nor is there a trace of what became of his work.
The concept can be somewhat justified on general relativistic grounds
since rotating frames of time varying fields are expected to emit
gravitational waves."
6. On the Gravitational Effects of Rotating Masses: The Lense-Thirring
Papers Translated, B. Mashhoon, F.W. Hehl, and D.S. Theiss. General
Relativity and Gravitation, Vol 16:711-50 (1984)
A translation of the original article in German by J. Lense and H.
Thirring published in 1918. This article is the first fairly
comprehensive analysis of the necessary existence of the gravito-
magnetic field. An earlier prediction of the existence of this field
was made by Heaviside in the 1880s.
7. Proceedings of the IRE Vol 49 p 892, Robert L. Forward (1961)
Forward was the first to express the gravitomagnetic field in the
modern form of Maxwells equations for gravitation. He named it the
prorotational field.
8. Gravitation, C.W. Misner, K.S. Thorne, and J.A. Wheeler, Freeman
Publishing, San Francisco (1973).
MTW is the bible of gravitational theorists. Among many other theories
presented, gravitational field equations are derived from general
relativity in a form similar to Maxwells equations.
9. Laboratory Experiments to Test Relativistic Gravity, Vladimir B.
Braginsky, Carlton M. Caves, and Kip S. Thorne, Physical Review D,
Vol 15 No 8 p2047, April 15 1977
Gravitational field equations are derived from General Relativity in
a form similar to Maxwells equations. The gravitomagnetic field is
called magnetic-type gravity. A variety of experiments are proposed
and analyzed for detecting the gravitomagnetic field.
10. Foucault Pendulum at the South Pole: Proposal for an Experiment to
Detect the Earth's General Relativistic Gravitomagnetic Field, Vladimir
Braginsky, Aleksander Polnarev, and Kip Thorne, Physical Review Letters,
Vol 53 No 9 p863, August 1984
Analyses an experiment for detecting the earth's gravitomagnetic
field. Possibly the first authors to use the terms gravitomagnetic
and gravitoelectric.
11. On Relativistic Gravitation, D. Bedford and P. Krumm, American Journal
of Physics, Vol 53 No 9, September 1985
The necessary existence of the gravitomagnetic field is derived from
arguments based on apecial relativity. The field is referred to as
the gravitational analog of the magnetic field.
12. The Gravitational Poynting Vector and Energy Transfer, Peter Krumm
and Donald Bedford, American Journal of Physics, Vol 55 No 4 p362,
April 1987
Establishes the necessary existence of the gravitomagnetic field
based on arguments from special relativity and energy conservation in
mass flow. Derives the gravitational Poynting vector. Names the two
types of gravitational fields as gravinetic and gravistatic.
13. Gravitomagnetism in Special Relativity, American Journal of Physics
Vol 56 No 6 p523, June 1988
Predicts the existence of the gravitomagnetic field using special
relativity and time dilation. Names the fields gravielectric and
gravimagnetic.
14. Detection of the Gravitomagnetic Field Using an Orbiting
Superconducting Gravity Gradiometer: Theoretical Principles, Bahram
Mashhoon, Ho Jung Paik, and Clifford Will, Physical Review D, Vol 39
No 10 p2825, May 1989.
Provides a summary analysis of Maxwells equations for gravitation,
and an in-depth analysis of the Gravity Probe-B orbital gyroscope
experiment for detecting the earth's gravitomagnetic field.
15. Analogy Between General Relativity and Electromagnetism for Slowly
Moving Particles in Weak Gravitational Fields, Edward G. Harris,
American Journal of Physics, Vol 59 No 5, May 1991
Derives Maxwells equations for gravitation from GR in the case of
non-relativistic velocities and relatively weak field strengths.
A somewhat more direct method of derivation is used compared with
the PPN formulation used by Braginsky, et al.
16. Gravitation and Inertia, Ignazio Ciufolini and John Wheeler, Princeton
Series in Physics, Princeton University Press (1995), Chapter 6 -- The
Gravitomagnetic Field and its Measurement.
Derives the electromagnetic analog of the gravitational field
equations, and provides in-depth analysis of experiments for detecting
the gravitomagnetic field.
17. Causality, Electromagnetic Induction, and Gravitation. Oleg Jefimenko,
Electret Scientific Publishing, Star City WV (1992).
Jefimenko derives the electromagnetic field equations based on
retarded sources, (charges, moving charges, and accelerating charges).
He applies similar arguments to the gravitational field equations. If
gravitational energy propagates at any finite speed, the gravito-
magnetic field must exist. Maxwells equations for gravitation are
presented. He also presents an unusual configuration of mass which is
predicted to provide an antigravity effect.
18. Physics Review Letters, Vol 16 p1902, B.S. Dewitt (1966)
I don't have this paper, and can not provide a summary. Dewitt was
the first to analyze fluxoid quantization in a superconductor in the
presence of a time varying magnetic-type gravitational field.
19. The London Equations for Superconductors in a Gravitational Field,
D.K. Ross, Journal of Physics A, Vol 16 p1331. (1983)
Maxwells equations for gravitation are presented in vector form. Ross
uses the name coined by Forward for the gravitomagnetic field -- the
prorotational field. Fluxoid quantization is analyzed in the presence
of a varying gravitomagnetic field. Ross establishes that the momentum
of a charged particle in an electromagnetic and gravitational field is
given (in MKS units) by: p = mv +qA + mV, where V is the gravito-
magnetic vector potential, and A is the magnetic vector potential. The
resulting modified London equations are presented in covariant form.
20. Effects of a Gravitomagnetic Field on Pure Superconductors, Ning Li
and Douglas Torr, Physical Review D, Vol 43 No2 p457, January 1991
Li and Torr present Maxwells equations for gravitation using MKS
units. The equations are given in a form where the gravitomagnetic
permeability of a superconductor material is presumed to be different
than the permeability of free space. Vector equations for the
gravitational potentials are also presented. The canonical momentum
is derived (same finding as Ross paper). It is established that an
electrical current also results in a mass current, and an inter-
relationship is derived between the magnetic field and gravitomagnetic
field in a superconductor. It is established that the magnetic flux
in a superconductor is a function of the gravitomagnetic permeability,
and vice versa, resulting in a more rigorous form of the Meissner
equation and the London theory. It is shown that the gravitomagnetic
field must have a relatively large size in a superconductor, and is
on the order of 10E11 times larger than the magnetic field.
21. Gravitational Effects on the Magnetic Attenuation of Superconductors,
Ning Li and Douglas Torr, Physical Review B, Vol 64 No 9 p5489.
September 1992.
Li and Torr elaborate on their theory of the interrelationship of
the gravitomagnetic field and the magnetic field in superconductors.
It is established that the gravitomagnetic field must be sourced by
spin alignment of the lattice ions. The velocity of a gravitational
wave in a superconductor is estimated to be two orders of magnitude
slower than the vacuum velocity, resulting in an estimate of relative
gravitational permeability of a superconductor material which is as
much as four magnitudes greater than free space.
22. Gravitoelectric-Electric Coupling Via Superconductivity, Douglas Torr
and Ning Li, Foundations of Physics Letters, Vol 6 No 4 p371. (1993)
Torr and Li continue their analysis of gravitational effects in
superconductors. Abstract: "Recently we demonstrated theoretically
that the carriers of quantized angular momentum are not the Cooper
pairs but the latice ions, which must execute coherent localized
motion consistent with the phenomenon of superconductivity. We
demonstrate here that in the presence of an external magnetic field,
the free superelectron and bound ion currents largely cancel providing
a self-consistent microscopic and macroscopic interpretation of near-
zero magnetic permeability inside superconductors. The neutral mass
currents, however, do not cancel, because of the monopolar
gravitational charge. It is shown the coherent alignment of lattice
ion spins will generate a detectable gravitomagnetic field, and in the
presence of a time-dependent applied magnetic vector potential field,
a detectable gravitoelectric field."
23. Proposal for the Experimental Detection of Gravitomagnetism in the
Terrestrial Laboratory, Robert Becker, Paul Smith, and Heffrey
Bertrand. September 1995. Published on the net.
http://www.inetarena.com/~noetic/pls/RBecker/Gmexp2.htm
Becker, et al, demonstrate mathematically that a significant size
gravitomagnetic field must exist concurrently with a magnetic field
in a superconductor whenever there is flux pinning or other forms of
flux trapping. An experiment is proposed whereby a small hole is made
in a superconductor, flux is trapped in the hole, and the gravito-
magnetic field is detected by measuring counter-torque from a
macroscopic cylindrical mass inserted through the hole.
24. A Possibility of Gravitational Force Shielding by Bulk YBa2Cu3O7-x
Superconductor, E. Podkletnov and R. Nieminen, Physica C Vol 203 p441
(1992)
Podkletnov describes an experiment where a 2% reduction in weight is
created in a mass suspended over a levitated and rotating super-
conductor disk. A detailed compilation of information about this
experiment is available on the net at Pete Skegg's website.
http://www.inetarena.com/~noetic/pls/gravity.html
25. Weak Gravitational Shielding Properties of Composite Bulk Yba2Cu3O7-x
Superconductor Below 70K Under EM Field, Eugene Podkletnov, LANL
Physics Preprint Server, Cond-Mat/9701074, January 1997.
Podkletnov provides greater detail about his experimental apparatus
and the construction of the superconductor disk. Available on the net.
http://www.gravity.org/msu.html
On Apr 5, 2004, at 6:27 AM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
On Apr 4, 2004, at 10:12 PM, Gary S. Bekkum wrote:
Have you seen the latest version of Chiao's paper on MIGO?
Thanks
Corrected 2nd draft for the record:
Look here is the basic idea on how the "aliens" metric engineer space-time warps to make wormhole portals, like on
Bigelow's Utah Ranch as reported by Eric Davis in NIDS MUFON 2001 and for Paul Hill's-George Trimble's
"acceleration field/G-Engine" (Nick Cook's book) weightless warp drive with hairpin turns at exactly zero g-force.
The zero point energy density induced effective strong gravity/anti-gravity exotic vacuum source term is something like
~ c^2/\zpf ~ c^2(Quantum of Area)^1/2 |Vacuum Coherence||Superconductor Coherence|cosine[2pi(Gravimagnetic Flux/Gravimagnetic Flux Quantum)(Magnetic Flux/Magnetic Flux Quantum)]
Where Lense-Thirring (Gravimagnetic Flux/Gravimagnetic Flux Quantum) ~ (Rotational Momentum of Superconductor)/N(Planck's constant)
N ~ total number of Bose-Einstein condensed real electron pairs in the rotating superconductor.
For zero g-force warp drive you want /\zpf < 0 (strong short-range gravity) in the bow of the flying saucer and /\zpf > 0 (strong short-range anti-gravity) in the stern where the effective coupling G* >> G(Newton) with reverse strong gravity anti-Doppler shifts (e.g. Bruce Cornet's website).
You want roughly a spheroidal fuselage shape for fast EM controlled phase-modulated shifts in the direction of the bow-stern axis for fast dog fight maneuvers like in the "Avrocar" concept described by Nick Cook in "Hunt for the Zero Point."
You don't need Hal Puthoff's PV model for anything. Hal cannot solve the rotating superconductor problem for one thing and needs too much stress-energy density current to make anything practical happen. He has no idea of Josephson interferometer phase-shifting to overcome space-time stiffness barrier because he has no idea of what macro-quantum vacuum coherence really means.
http://www.arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0312096
Giorgio Fontana's paper on quick glance:
"...in our model a coherent gravitational radiation field allows s-wave
tunneling to an available energy level of the Cooper pair condensate in
BSCCO, followed by a rapid transition of the pairs to the dominant d-wave
symmetry; being the low probability of the process compensated by the
smallness of the linewidth...the emission of gravitational radiation could
explain the observed behavior of Pb/BSCCO Josephson junctions...the degree
of admixture of the order parameter can dynamically depend on the
process...it is well known that quantum coherence in Bose-condensates would
be the source of coherent radiation...the stimulated emission of gravitons
from mixed s-wave / d-wave highly saturated Bose-condensates seems therefore
an interesting possiblity..."
Hi Jack.
Are you familiar with these papers?
No I am not, thanks. Also where did you get this "Appendix" it is useful.
Note that there is no "gravimagnetism" at all in Hal Puthoff's PV model last I saw. He is not able to handle rotation of source bodies at all.
Even if everything else he says were correct, it's not, this alone would disqualify his model as a serious contender for metric engineering and the explanation of the flying saucer physics data as well as the 1956 statement by George Trimble on the "G-Engine" (see Nick Cook's book).
I am now essentially beginning to show how real G-Engines work.
Remember G*(zero point energy induced) >> G(Newton) on tiny nanometer and less scales is one of the key ideas.
You can even imagine a tight fitting "metallic" "Flying Suit" of smart nano-engineered material (high Tc) to fly like Super Man. The US Army would sure like that. :-)
==========================================
Appendix - MKS Units for the Gravitomagnetic Field.
Gravitoelectric Charge = Kg
(in purely electrical units, Kg = (Weber/Meter)(Coul/Meter)(Sec)
Gravitoelectric Field = Meter/Sec-Squared
Gravitoelectric Flux Density = Kg/Meter-Squared
Mass Current = Kg/Sec = (Weber/Meter)(Coul/Meter)
Gravitomagnetic Dipole Moment = (Kg)(Meter-Squared)/Sec
= Angular Momentum
= (Coulomb)(Weber)
Gravitoelectric Dipole Moment = (Kg)(Meter)
(You would need the equivalent of negative mass to make one of these)
Gravitomagnetic Charge = (Velocity)(Meter) = Square-Meter/Sec
Gravitomagnetic Field = (Mass Current)/Meter = Kg/Sec-Meter
= (Coul/Meter)(Weber/Meter)/Meter
Gravitomagnetic Flux Density = (Gravitomagnetic Charge)/Meter^2
= Velocity/Meter
= 1/Sec = Angular Velocity
Gravitoelectric Scalar Potential = Joule/Kg
= (Acceleration)(Meter)
= (Gravitoelectric Field)(Meter)
= Velocity-Squared
= Meter-Squared/Second-Squared
Gravitomagnetic Vector Potential = (Gravitomagnetic Charge)/Meter
= Velocity = Meter/Sec
Gravitoelectric Permitivity = Gravitoelectric Flux per Gravitoelectric Field
= (Kg)(Second-Squared)/(Cubic Meter)
= 1/4(Pi)(G) = 1.1927E09 Kg-Sec^2/Meter^3
Gravitomagnetic Permeability = Gravitomagnetic Flux per Gravitomagnetic Field
= Meter/Kg
Assuming Gravitational Waves Propagate at the Velocity of Light --
= 1/(c-squared)(epsilon0)
= 9.316E-27 Meter/Kg
References:
1. US Patent No 3626605, Method and Apparatus for Generating a Secondary
Gravitational Force Field, Henry Wm Wallace, Ardmore PA, Dec 14, 1971.
Wallace's first patent. The gravitomagnetic field is named the
kinemassic field. The patent describes the embodiment of his
experiment. An additional embodiment of the invention (Figures 7, 7A,
and 7B) describes how a time varying gravitomagnetic field can be used
to shield the primary background gravitoelectric field. Available on
the net. http://www.eskimo.com/~billb/weird/wallc/
2. US Patent No 3626606, Method and Apparatus for Generating a Dynamic
Force Field, Henry Wm Wallace, Ardmore PA, Dec 14, 1971.
Wallace's second patent provides a variation of his experiment. A
type III-V semiconductor material (Indium Arsenide), of which both
materials have unpaired nuclear spin, is used as an electronic
detector for the gravitomagnetic field. The experiment demonstrates
that the material in his gravitomagnetic field circuit has hysterisis
and remanence effects analogous to magnetic materials. Available on
the net. http://www.eskimo.com/~billb/weird/wallc/
3. US Patent No 3823570, Heat Pump, Henry Wm Wallace, 60 Oxford Drive,
Freeport NY, July 16, 1974
Wallaces third patent provides an additional variation of his
experiment. Wallace demonstrates that by aligning the nuclear spin
of materials having an odd number of nucleons, order is created in
the material, resulting in a change in specific heat.
4. New Scientist, 14 February 1980, Patents Review
This article is one of the only references to Wallace's work anywhere
in the literature. The article provides a brief summary of his
invention and ends with this intriguing paragraph. "Although the
Wallace patents were initially ignored as cranky, observers believe
that his invention is now under serious but secret investigation by
the military authorities in the US. The military may now regret that
the patents have already been granted and so are available for anyone
to read."
5. Electric Propulsion Study, Dennis L. Cravens, Science Applications
International Corp, August 1990, Prepared for Astronautics Laboratory,
Edwards AFB
This report provides a detailed review of a variety of 5-D theories of
gravitational and electromagnetic interactions. It also provides a
summary of a variety of possibly anomalous experiments, including
experiments relating to spin aligned nuclei. The reports contains two
paragraphs about Wallace's inventions -- partially quoted here: "The
patents are written in a very believable style which include part
numbers, sources for some components, and diagrams of data. Attempts
were made to contact Wallace using patent addresses and other sources
but he was not located nor is there a trace of what became of his work.
The concept can be somewhat justified on general relativistic grounds
since rotating frames of time varying fields are expected to emit
gravitational waves."
6. On the Gravitational Effects of Rotating Masses: The Lense-Thirring
Papers Translated, B. Mashhoon, F.W. Hehl, and D.S. Theiss. General
Relativity and Gravitation, Vol 16:711-50 (1984)
A translation of the original article in German by J. Lense and H.
Thirring published in 1918. This article is the first fairly
comprehensive analysis of the necessary existence of the gravito-
magnetic field. An earlier prediction of the existence of this field
was made by Heaviside in the 1880s.
7. Proceedings of the IRE Vol 49 p 892, Robert L. Forward (1961)
Forward was the first to express the gravitomagnetic field in the
modern form of Maxwells equations for gravitation. He named it the
prorotational field.
8. Gravitation, C.W. Misner, K.S. Thorne, and J.A. Wheeler, Freeman
Publishing, San Francisco (1973).
MTW is the bible of gravitational theorists. Among many other theories
presented, gravitational field equations are derived from general
relativity in a form similar to Maxwells equations.
9. Laboratory Experiments to Test Relativistic Gravity, Vladimir B.
Braginsky, Carlton M. Caves, and Kip S. Thorne, Physical Review D,
Vol 15 No 8 p2047, April 15 1977
Gravitational field equations are derived from General Relativity in
a form similar to Maxwells equations. The gravitomagnetic field is
called magnetic-type gravity. A variety of experiments are proposed
and analyzed for detecting the gravitomagnetic field.
10. Foucault Pendulum at the South Pole: Proposal for an Experiment to
Detect the Earth's General Relativistic Gravitomagnetic Field, Vladimir
Braginsky, Aleksander Polnarev, and Kip Thorne, Physical Review Letters,
Vol 53 No 9 p863, August 1984
Analyses an experiment for detecting the earth's gravitomagnetic
field. Possibly the first authors to use the terms gravitomagnetic
and gravitoelectric.
11. On Relativistic Gravitation, D. Bedford and P. Krumm, American Journal
of Physics, Vol 53 No 9, September 1985
The necessary existence of the gravitomagnetic field is derived from
arguments based on apecial relativity. The field is referred to as
the gravitational analog of the magnetic field.
12. The Gravitational Poynting Vector and Energy Transfer, Peter Krumm
and Donald Bedford, American Journal of Physics, Vol 55 No 4 p362,
April 1987
Establishes the necessary existence of the gravitomagnetic field
based on arguments from special relativity and energy conservation in
mass flow. Derives the gravitational Poynting vector. Names the two
types of gravitational fields as gravinetic and gravistatic.
13. Gravitomagnetism in Special Relativity, American Journal of Physics
Vol 56 No 6 p523, June 1988
Predicts the existence of the gravitomagnetic field using special
relativity and time dilation. Names the fields gravielectric and
gravimagnetic.
14. Detection of the Gravitomagnetic Field Using an Orbiting
Superconducting Gravity Gradiometer: Theoretical Principles, Bahram
Mashhoon, Ho Jung Paik, and Clifford Will, Physical Review D, Vol 39
No 10 p2825, May 1989.
Provides a summary analysis of Maxwells equations for gravitation,
and an in-depth analysis of the Gravity Probe-B orbital gyroscope
experiment for detecting the earth's gravitomagnetic field.
15. Analogy Between General Relativity and Electromagnetism for Slowly
Moving Particles in Weak Gravitational Fields, Edward G. Harris,
American Journal of Physics, Vol 59 No 5, May 1991
Derives Maxwells equations for gravitation from GR in the case of
non-relativistic velocities and relatively weak field strengths.
A somewhat more direct method of derivation is used compared with
the PPN formulation used by Braginsky, et al.
16. Gravitation and Inertia, Ignazio Ciufolini and John Wheeler, Princeton
Series in Physics, Princeton University Press (1995), Chapter 6 -- The
Gravitomagnetic Field and its Measurement.
Derives the electromagnetic analog of the gravitational field
equations, and provides in-depth analysis of experiments for detecting
the gravitomagnetic field.
17. Causality, Electromagnetic Induction, and Gravitation. Oleg Jefimenko,
Electret Scientific Publishing, Star City WV (1992).
Jefimenko derives the electromagnetic field equations based on
retarded sources, (charges, moving charges, and accelerating charges).
He applies similar arguments to the gravitational field equations. If
gravitational energy propagates at any finite speed, the gravito-
magnetic field must exist. Maxwells equations for gravitation are
presented. He also presents an unusual configuration of mass which is
predicted to provide an antigravity effect.
18. Physics Review Letters, Vol 16 p1902, B.S. Dewitt (1966)
I don't have this paper, and can not provide a summary. Dewitt was
the first to analyze fluxoid quantization in a superconductor in the
presence of a time varying magnetic-type gravitational field.
19. The London Equations for Superconductors in a Gravitational Field,
D.K. Ross, Journal of Physics A, Vol 16 p1331. (1983)
Maxwells equations for gravitation are presented in vector form. Ross
uses the name coined by Forward for the gravitomagnetic field -- the
prorotational field. Fluxoid quantization is analyzed in the presence
of a varying gravitomagnetic field. Ross establishes that the momentum
of a charged particle in an electromagnetic and gravitational field is
given (in MKS units) by: p = mv +qA + mV, where V is the gravito-
magnetic vector potential, and A is the magnetic vector potential. The
resulting modified London equations are presented in covariant form.
20. Effects of a Gravitomagnetic Field on Pure Superconductors, Ning Li
and Douglas Torr, Physical Review D, Vol 43 No2 p457, January 1991
Li and Torr present Maxwells equations for gravitation using MKS
units. The equations are given in a form where the gravitomagnetic
permeability of a superconductor material is presumed to be different
than the permeability of free space. Vector equations for the
gravitational potentials are also presented. The canonical momentum
is derived (same finding as Ross paper). It is established that an
electrical current also results in a mass current, and an inter-
relationship is derived between the magnetic field and gravitomagnetic
field in a superconductor. It is established that the magnetic flux
in a superconductor is a function of the gravitomagnetic permeability,
and vice versa, resulting in a more rigorous form of the Meissner
equation and the London theory. It is shown that the gravitomagnetic
field must have a relatively large size in a superconductor, and is
on the order of 10E11 times larger than the magnetic field.
21. Gravitational Effects on the Magnetic Attenuation of Superconductors,
Ning Li and Douglas Torr, Physical Review B, Vol 64 No 9 p5489.
September 1992.
Li and Torr elaborate on their theory of the interrelationship of
the gravitomagnetic field and the magnetic field in superconductors.
It is established that the gravitomagnetic field must be sourced by
spin alignment of the lattice ions. The velocity of a gravitational
wave in a superconductor is estimated to be two orders of magnitude
slower than the vacuum velocity, resulting in an estimate of relative
gravitational permeability of a superconductor material which is as
much as four magnitudes greater than free space.
22. Gravitoelectric-Electric Coupling Via Superconductivity, Douglas Torr
and Ning Li, Foundations of Physics Letters, Vol 6 No 4 p371. (1993)
Torr and Li continue their analysis of gravitational effects in
superconductors. Abstract: "Recently we demonstrated theoretically
that the carriers of quantized angular momentum are not the Cooper
pairs but the latice ions, which must execute coherent localized
motion consistent with the phenomenon of superconductivity. We
demonstrate here that in the presence of an external magnetic field,
the free superelectron and bound ion currents largely cancel providing
a self-consistent microscopic and macroscopic interpretation of near-
zero magnetic permeability inside superconductors. The neutral mass
currents, however, do not cancel, because of the monopolar
gravitational charge. It is shown the coherent alignment of lattice
ion spins will generate a detectable gravitomagnetic field, and in the
presence of a time-dependent applied magnetic vector potential field,
a detectable gravitoelectric field."
23. Proposal for the Experimental Detection of Gravitomagnetism in the
Terrestrial Laboratory, Robert Becker, Paul Smith, and Heffrey
Bertrand. September 1995. Published on the net.
http://www.inetarena.com/~noetic/pls/RBecker/Gmexp2.htm
Becker, et al, demonstrate mathematically that a significant size
gravitomagnetic field must exist concurrently with a magnetic field
in a superconductor whenever there is flux pinning or other forms of
flux trapping. An experiment is proposed whereby a small hole is made
in a superconductor, flux is trapped in the hole, and the gravito-
magnetic field is detected by measuring counter-torque from a
macroscopic cylindrical mass inserted through the hole.
24. A Possibility of Gravitational Force Shielding by Bulk YBa2Cu3O7-x
Superconductor, E. Podkletnov and R. Nieminen, Physica C Vol 203 p441
(1992)
Podkletnov describes an experiment where a 2% reduction in weight is
created in a mass suspended over a levitated and rotating super-
conductor disk. A detailed compilation of information about this
experiment is available on the net at Pete Skegg's website.
http://www.inetarena.com/~noetic/pls/gravity.html
25. Weak Gravitational Shielding Properties of Composite Bulk Yba2Cu3O7-x
Superconductor Below 70K Under EM Field, Eugene Podkletnov, LANL
Physics Preprint Server, Cond-Mat/9701074, January 1997.
Podkletnov provides greater detail about his experimental apparatus
and the construction of the superconductor disk. Available on the net.
http://www.gravity.org/msu.html
On Apr 5, 2004, at 6:27 AM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
On Apr 4, 2004, at 10:12 PM, Gary S. Bekkum wrote:
Have you seen the latest version of Chiao's paper on MIGO?
Thanks
Corrected 2nd draft for the record:
Look here is the basic idea on how the "aliens" metric engineer space-time warps to make wormhole portals, like on
Bigelow's Utah Ranch as reported by Eric Davis in NIDS MUFON 2001 and for Paul Hill's-George Trimble's
"acceleration field/G-Engine" (Nick Cook's book) weightless warp drive with hairpin turns at exactly zero g-force.
The zero point energy density induced effective strong gravity/anti-gravity exotic vacuum source term is something like
~ c^2/\zpf ~ c^2(Quantum of Area)^1/2 |Vacuum Coherence||Superconductor Coherence|cosine[2pi(Gravimagnetic Flux/Gravimagnetic Flux Quantum)(Magnetic Flux/Magnetic Flux Quantum)]
Where Lense-Thirring (Gravimagnetic Flux/Gravimagnetic Flux Quantum) ~ (Rotational Momentum of Superconductor)/N(Planck's constant)
N ~ total number of Bose-Einstein condensed real electron pairs in the rotating superconductor.
For zero g-force warp drive you want /\zpf < 0 (strong short-range gravity) in the bow of the flying saucer and /\zpf > 0 (strong short-range anti-gravity) in the stern where the effective coupling G* >> G(Newton) with reverse strong gravity anti-Doppler shifts (e.g. Bruce Cornet's website).
You want roughly a spheroidal fuselage shape for fast EM controlled phase-modulated shifts in the direction of the bow-stern axis for fast dog fight maneuvers like in the "Avrocar" concept described by Nick Cook in "Hunt for the Zero Point."
You don't need Hal Puthoff's PV model for anything. Hal cannot solve the rotating superconductor problem for one thing and needs too much stress-energy density current to make anything practical happen. He has no idea of Josephson interferometer phase-shifting to overcome space-time stiffness barrier because he has no idea of what macro-quantum vacuum coherence really means.
http://www.arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0312096
Giorgio Fontana's paper on quick glance:
"...in our model a coherent gravitational radiation field allows s-wave
tunneling to an available energy level of the Cooper pair condensate in
BSCCO, followed by a rapid transition of the pairs to the dominant d-wave
symmetry; being the low probability of the process compensated by the
smallness of the linewidth...the emission of gravitational radiation could
explain the observed behavior of Pb/BSCCO Josephson junctions...the degree
of admixture of the order parameter can dynamically depend on the
process...it is well known that quantum coherence in Bose-condensates would
be the source of coherent radiation...the stimulated emission of gravitons
from mixed s-wave / d-wave highly saturated Bose-condensates seems therefore
an interesting possiblity..."
On Apr 4, 2004, at 10:12 PM, Gary S. Bekkum wrote:
Have you seen the latest version of Chiao's paper on MIGO?
Thanks
Look here is the basic idea on how the "aliens" metric engineer space-time warps to make wormhole portals, like on Bigelow's Utah Ranch as reported by Eric Davis in NIDS MUFON 2001 and for Paul Hill's-George Trimble's "acceleration field/G-Engine" (Nick Cook's book) weightless warp drive with hairpin turns at exactly zero g-force.
The zero point energy density induced effective strong gravity/anti-gravity exotic vacuum source term is something like
~ c^2/\zpf ~ c^2(Quantum of Area)^1/2 |Vacuum Coherence||Superconductor Coherence|cosine[2pi(Gravimagnetic Flux/Gravimagnetic Flux Quantum)(Magnetic Flux/Magnetic Flux Quantum)]
Where Lense-Thirring (Gravimagnetic Flux/Gravimagnetic Flux Quantum) ~ (Rotational Momentum of Superconductor)/N(Planck's constant) N ~ total number of Bose-Einstein condensed real electron pairs in the rotating superconductor.
For zero g-force warp drive you want /\zpf < 0 (strong short-range gravity) in the bow of the flying saucer and /\zpf > 0 (strong short-range anti-gravity) in the stern where effective coupling G* >> G(Newton) with reverse strong gravity anti-Doppler shifts (e.g. Bruce Cornet's website).
You want a spheroidal shape for fast EM controlled phase-modulated shifts in the direction of the bow-stern axis for fast dog fight maneuvers like in the "Avrocar" concept described by Nick Cook in "Hunt for the Zero Point."
You don't need Hal Puthoff's PV model for anything. Hal cannot solve the rotating superconductor problem for one thing and needs too much stress-energy density current to make anything practical happen. He has no idea of Josephson interferometer phase-shifting to overcome space-time stiffness barrier because he has no idea of what macro-quantum vacuum coherence really means.
http://www.arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0312096
Giorgio Fontana's paper on quick glance:
"...in our model a coherent gravitational radiation field allows s-wave
tunneling to an available energy level of the Cooper pair condensate in
BSCCO, followed by a rapid transition of the pairs to the dominant d-wave
symmetry; being the low probability of the process compensated by the
smallness of the linewidth...the emission of gravitational radiation could
explain the observed behavior of Pb/BSCCO Josephson junctions...the degree
of admixture of the order parameter can dynamically depend on the
process...it is well known that quantum coherence in Bose-condensates would
be the source of coherent radiation...the stimulated emission of gravitons
from mixed s-wave / d-wave highly saturated Bose-condensates seems therefore
an interesting possiblity..."
Have you seen the latest version of Chiao's paper on MIGO?
Thanks
Look here is the basic idea on how the "aliens" metric engineer space-time warps to make wormhole portals, like on Bigelow's Utah Ranch as reported by Eric Davis in NIDS MUFON 2001 and for Paul Hill's-George Trimble's "acceleration field/G-Engine" (Nick Cook's book) weightless warp drive with hairpin turns at exactly zero g-force.
The zero point energy density induced effective strong gravity/anti-gravity exotic vacuum source term is something like
~ c^2/\zpf ~ c^2(Quantum of Area)^1/2 |Vacuum Coherence||Superconductor Coherence|cosine[2pi(Gravimagnetic Flux/Gravimagnetic Flux Quantum)(Magnetic Flux/Magnetic Flux Quantum)]
Where Lense-Thirring (Gravimagnetic Flux/Gravimagnetic Flux Quantum) ~ (Rotational Momentum of Superconductor)/N(Planck's constant) N ~ total number of Bose-Einstein condensed real electron pairs in the rotating superconductor.
For zero g-force warp drive you want /\zpf < 0 (strong short-range gravity) in the bow of the flying saucer and /\zpf > 0 (strong short-range anti-gravity) in the stern where effective coupling G* >> G(Newton) with reverse strong gravity anti-Doppler shifts (e.g. Bruce Cornet's website).
You want a spheroidal shape for fast EM controlled phase-modulated shifts in the direction of the bow-stern axis for fast dog fight maneuvers like in the "Avrocar" concept described by Nick Cook in "Hunt for the Zero Point."
You don't need Hal Puthoff's PV model for anything. Hal cannot solve the rotating superconductor problem for one thing and needs too much stress-energy density current to make anything practical happen. He has no idea of Josephson interferometer phase-shifting to overcome space-time stiffness barrier because he has no idea of what macro-quantum vacuum coherence really means.
http://www.arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0312096
Giorgio Fontana's paper on quick glance:
"...in our model a coherent gravitational radiation field allows s-wave
tunneling to an available energy level of the Cooper pair condensate in
BSCCO, followed by a rapid transition of the pairs to the dominant d-wave
symmetry; being the low probability of the process compensated by the
smallness of the linewidth...the emission of gravitational radiation could
explain the observed behavior of Pb/BSCCO Josephson junctions...the degree
of admixture of the order parameter can dynamically depend on the
process...it is well known that quantum coherence in Bose-condensates would
be the source of coherent radiation...the stimulated emission of gravitons
from mixed s-wave / d-wave highly saturated Bose-condensates seems therefore
an interesting possiblity..."
Sunday, April 04, 2004
Note #13
Basic concepts in the gravitational physics of the quantum vacuum not included in the conceptions of NASA BPP or Puthoff & Co in their quest for "metric engineering."
What is the non-exotic or ordinary vacuum at a given scale of coarse-graining?
By "coarse-graining" I mean integrating out all the undetectable degrees of freedom that are outside the spatio-temporal response curves of the detectors. This means throwing away information on both very long and very short wavelengths and frequencies. Note that we are interested in both real and virtual processes. From the signal engineering POV a virtual process simply means a response function R(f,{k}) that has support all over the 4D space of frequency f and wave numbers k without any kind of dispersion constraint f = f({k}) where {k} = (kx,ky,kz). It's the dispersion constraint that defines "real" , i.e. "on-mass-shell" elementary emergent "more is different" excitations of a complex system's "effective field theory" for poles of the single-particle 2 point Green's function Feynman propagator. Poles of the 4 point pair propagator are called "collective modes" in the "many-body problem."
The non-exotic vacuum has no gravitational properties at all! This is the common sense idea of the vacuum. However, what is not understood, by even mainstream physicists today, is that this means that the non-exotic vacuum is optimally macro-quantum coherent with no trace of random micro-quantum energy density at all from any quantum field on the smooth curved space-time of Einstein's theory of gravity. Indeed, this makes the solution of the cosmological constant problem in the large-scale structure of the Universe essentially trivial. What is missing from the conceptualizations of All The King's Men is the role of macro-quantum "more is different" coherence of the physical vacuum. You can think of the physical vacuum in terms of the old Tiza "two fluid model" with the jagged edge of incoherent random micro-quantum zero point vacuum fluctuations as the "normal fluid" on the smooth coherent non-random "superfluid." The total density is fixed by the loop "quantum of area" that is dual to the string theory tension where
Loop quantum of area = hc(String theory tension)^-1
Note that string theory tension has dimensions Energy/Length
(Quantum of Area)(String Tension) ~ hc
hc has the physical dimensions of (electric charge)^2, which is the same as (Gravity coupling)(mass)^2
The simple two-fluid formula
total density = superfluid density + normal fluid density
is equivalent to
(Quantum of Area)^-3/2 = |Vacuum Coherence|^2 + /\zpf(Quantum of Area)^-1/2
Einstein's local principle of equivalence of gravity as acceleration + Heisenberg's micro-quantum uncertainty principle imply that the equation for the direct gravity or anti-gravity influence of zero point energy density is the exotic vacuum local field equation
Guv + /\zpfguv = 0
In the weak tidal curvature field quasi-Newtonian limit, Einstein's exotic vacuum local field equation is the Poisson equation
Laplacian of the gravity potential energy of exotic vacuum per unit test particle ~ c^2/\zpf
The RHS source term is a special case of (G*/c^2)(local energy density of any stuff real or virtual)(1 + 3w)
where
w = 0 for ordinary matter in the Hubble flow
w = +1/3 for real photons forming far-field radiation like the CMB, or like starlight.
w = -1 for unbalanced zero point energy density.
This choice gives c^2/\zpf above
-1/3 > w > -1 for a quintessent field
-1 > w for the phantom energy field which allows the Big Rip that can destroy the whole Universe in a Doomsday WMD of Apocalypse Now.
w = -1 puts us right on the cutting edge of the possibility of total annihilation within the power of some mad man like Osama Bin Laden if he had the physics smarts. See Sir Martin Rees's "Our Final Hour" for those gruesome details that Andrei Sakharov worried about 20 + years ago.
The NASA SNAP probe will measure the w of the anti-gravity cosmic dark energy field to better precision. Right now we know from Type 1a supernovae that w = -1 to 2% error.
The Blackett effect is the conjecture that for the real on-mass-shell lepto-quarks:
(electric charge)^2 = (Zero point energy induced strong-short range gravity coupling)(rest mass)^2
However, at the level of Gm^2 gravity as a quantum theory is not renormalizable.
It is renormalizable at the level of a gauge theory. A similar thing happens in the weak force. However, the gauge bosons are not spin 2 gravitons but are spin 1 quanta from locally gauging the translation subgroup of the conformal group. They correspond to quanta of string length that are dual to the quantum of area. This duality gives the world hologram idea of t'Hooft and Susskind that generalizes the Bekenstein-Hawking "black hole thermodynamics." Essentially, the independent geometrodynamic degrees of freedom of a 3D slice of space-time are 2D. Take a chunk of 3D hypersurface of 3D volume V with 2D boundary area A. The number of geometrodynamic degrees of freedom or BITS is not V/(Planck volume) but is A/Quantum of Area).
Consider the Universe we can see with our telescopes. We are looking at the cosmic past light cone. We can see back, in principle, to a distance of the order of c/Ho where Ho is now measured accurately to 2% to correspond to Ho^-1 = 13.7 billion years. This gives c/Ho ~ 10^28 cm.
The area A of the volume V that we can see in the retarded signals from the past is therefore of the order of 10^56 cm^2. The thermodynamic entropy S of the entire Universe in this past light cone 3D chunk (it is not a space-like chunk) is
S = kB (c/H)^2/(Quantum of Area)
Ho is H at this moment in the cosmic expansion that is accelerating from the anti-gravity field of dark energy. This explains the irreversible arrow of time of the Second Law of Thermodynamics in terms of the expansion of the the 3D space of the Universe's past light cone because H is a function of the global cosmic time t that can be parametrized by the cosmic black body radiation temperature T whose correlation function spherical harmonic power spectrum over the celestial sphere (sky) is measured with the NASA WMAP space probe.
So the ordinary non-exotic vacuum obeys
/\zpf = 0
Its vacuum coherence is optimal at
(Quantum of area)^3/2|Vacuum Coherence|^2 = 1
sitting in the metastable bottom of the well of the Mexican Hat potential for the covariant Landau-Ginburg field equation for the vacuum coherence field. You find none of these ideas in Hal Puthoff's PV theory, which is a puny "100 lb weakling" construction (compared to this Charles Atlas model :-)) based on the incomplete analogy of the metric with the path of light through an inhomogeneous dielectric. Hal is not even able to solve the problem of the gravity field of a rotating mass and he has no explicit description of zero point energy density in his PV model which has no black hole event horizons and no way to metric engineer with small applied electromagnetic energy densities.
From Modanese's work we know that the ground state coherence of a real superconductor also contributes to the /\zpf term.
Therefore, the basic way to metric engineer without needing huge electromagnetic energy densities is to start with the /\zpf = 0 non-exotic vacuum. Have it overlap with a real superconductor. The induced /\zpf away from zero is then the Josephson effect
/\zpf(induced by the real superconductor) ~ (Quantum of Area)^-1[|Vacuum Coherence||Superconductor Coherence|cosine(relative phase difference between vacuum and superconductor)
Rotating the superconductor will induce such a phase difference as a kind of Berry phase. The rotation of the superconductor requires a Kerr metric with goi =/= 0 and although this is very weak it may have significant phase interferometry effects. This is simply a guess at this time. Hal's PV model so far is not able to describe the equivalent of goi =/= 0, which is the key field in Ray Chiao's "gravity radio" that is a clue.
If one makes a Josephson interferometer enclosing area A, perhaps rotating like in the Sagnac effect
One gets for example cosine(Flux through A/(Quantum of Flux))
This flux need not be only dynamical gauge force flux, but as in Foucault's pendulum described by Sir Michael Berry it can be a topological phase effect from cycling nondynamical anholonomic control parameters, which is what you get with rotation from the non-commutativity of Lorentz boosts pointing in different directions, from frame-drag (Lense-Thirring).
Ray Chiao's "gravity radio" is a Lense-Thirring anholonomic frame drag effect in the far field of both real photons and real gravitons.
We want instead, for metric engineering, to couple virtual photons in macro-quantum states (induction near fields from coils and capacitors) to the near gravity fields (not so much virtual spin 2 gravitons as their spin 1 square root gauge bosons to make a renormalizable quantum gravity i.e. spin 2 virtual gravitons as an EPR triplet pair of spin 1 gauge force bosons of Kleinert's "world crystal lattice" distortion field ~ (Quantum of area)^1/2 string link BITs,
Basic concepts in the gravitational physics of the quantum vacuum not included in the conceptions of NASA BPP or Puthoff & Co in their quest for "metric engineering."
What is the non-exotic or ordinary vacuum at a given scale of coarse-graining?
By "coarse-graining" I mean integrating out all the undetectable degrees of freedom that are outside the spatio-temporal response curves of the detectors. This means throwing away information on both very long and very short wavelengths and frequencies. Note that we are interested in both real and virtual processes. From the signal engineering POV a virtual process simply means a response function R(f,{k}) that has support all over the 4D space of frequency f and wave numbers k without any kind of dispersion constraint f = f({k}) where {k} = (kx,ky,kz). It's the dispersion constraint that defines "real" , i.e. "on-mass-shell" elementary emergent "more is different" excitations of a complex system's "effective field theory" for poles of the single-particle 2 point Green's function Feynman propagator. Poles of the 4 point pair propagator are called "collective modes" in the "many-body problem."
The non-exotic vacuum has no gravitational properties at all! This is the common sense idea of the vacuum. However, what is not understood, by even mainstream physicists today, is that this means that the non-exotic vacuum is optimally macro-quantum coherent with no trace of random micro-quantum energy density at all from any quantum field on the smooth curved space-time of Einstein's theory of gravity. Indeed, this makes the solution of the cosmological constant problem in the large-scale structure of the Universe essentially trivial. What is missing from the conceptualizations of All The King's Men is the role of macro-quantum "more is different" coherence of the physical vacuum. You can think of the physical vacuum in terms of the old Tiza "two fluid model" with the jagged edge of incoherent random micro-quantum zero point vacuum fluctuations as the "normal fluid" on the smooth coherent non-random "superfluid." The total density is fixed by the loop "quantum of area" that is dual to the string theory tension where
Loop quantum of area = hc(String theory tension)^-1
Note that string theory tension has dimensions Energy/Length
(Quantum of Area)(String Tension) ~ hc
hc has the physical dimensions of (electric charge)^2, which is the same as (Gravity coupling)(mass)^2
The simple two-fluid formula
total density = superfluid density + normal fluid density
is equivalent to
(Quantum of Area)^-3/2 = |Vacuum Coherence|^2 + /\zpf(Quantum of Area)^-1/2
Einstein's local principle of equivalence of gravity as acceleration + Heisenberg's micro-quantum uncertainty principle imply that the equation for the direct gravity or anti-gravity influence of zero point energy density is the exotic vacuum local field equation
Guv + /\zpfguv = 0
In the weak tidal curvature field quasi-Newtonian limit, Einstein's exotic vacuum local field equation is the Poisson equation
Laplacian of the gravity potential energy of exotic vacuum per unit test particle ~ c^2/\zpf
The RHS source term is a special case of (G*/c^2)(local energy density of any stuff real or virtual)(1 + 3w)
where
w = 0 for ordinary matter in the Hubble flow
w = +1/3 for real photons forming far-field radiation like the CMB, or like starlight.
w = -1 for unbalanced zero point energy density.
This choice gives c^2/\zpf above
-1/3 > w > -1 for a quintessent field
-1 > w for the phantom energy field which allows the Big Rip that can destroy the whole Universe in a Doomsday WMD of Apocalypse Now.
w = -1 puts us right on the cutting edge of the possibility of total annihilation within the power of some mad man like Osama Bin Laden if he had the physics smarts. See Sir Martin Rees's "Our Final Hour" for those gruesome details that Andrei Sakharov worried about 20 + years ago.
The NASA SNAP probe will measure the w of the anti-gravity cosmic dark energy field to better precision. Right now we know from Type 1a supernovae that w = -1 to 2% error.
The Blackett effect is the conjecture that for the real on-mass-shell lepto-quarks:
(electric charge)^2 = (Zero point energy induced strong-short range gravity coupling)(rest mass)^2
However, at the level of Gm^2 gravity as a quantum theory is not renormalizable.
It is renormalizable at the level of a gauge theory. A similar thing happens in the weak force. However, the gauge bosons are not spin 2 gravitons but are spin 1 quanta from locally gauging the translation subgroup of the conformal group. They correspond to quanta of string length that are dual to the quantum of area. This duality gives the world hologram idea of t'Hooft and Susskind that generalizes the Bekenstein-Hawking "black hole thermodynamics." Essentially, the independent geometrodynamic degrees of freedom of a 3D slice of space-time are 2D. Take a chunk of 3D hypersurface of 3D volume V with 2D boundary area A. The number of geometrodynamic degrees of freedom or BITS is not V/(Planck volume) but is A/Quantum of Area).
Consider the Universe we can see with our telescopes. We are looking at the cosmic past light cone. We can see back, in principle, to a distance of the order of c/Ho where Ho is now measured accurately to 2% to correspond to Ho^-1 = 13.7 billion years. This gives c/Ho ~ 10^28 cm.
The area A of the volume V that we can see in the retarded signals from the past is therefore of the order of 10^56 cm^2. The thermodynamic entropy S of the entire Universe in this past light cone 3D chunk (it is not a space-like chunk) is
S = kB (c/H)^2/(Quantum of Area)
Ho is H at this moment in the cosmic expansion that is accelerating from the anti-gravity field of dark energy. This explains the irreversible arrow of time of the Second Law of Thermodynamics in terms of the expansion of the the 3D space of the Universe's past light cone because H is a function of the global cosmic time t that can be parametrized by the cosmic black body radiation temperature T whose correlation function spherical harmonic power spectrum over the celestial sphere (sky) is measured with the NASA WMAP space probe.
So the ordinary non-exotic vacuum obeys
/\zpf = 0
Its vacuum coherence is optimal at
(Quantum of area)^3/2|Vacuum Coherence|^2 = 1
sitting in the metastable bottom of the well of the Mexican Hat potential for the covariant Landau-Ginburg field equation for the vacuum coherence field. You find none of these ideas in Hal Puthoff's PV theory, which is a puny "100 lb weakling" construction (compared to this Charles Atlas model :-)) based on the incomplete analogy of the metric with the path of light through an inhomogeneous dielectric. Hal is not even able to solve the problem of the gravity field of a rotating mass and he has no explicit description of zero point energy density in his PV model which has no black hole event horizons and no way to metric engineer with small applied electromagnetic energy densities.
From Modanese's work we know that the ground state coherence of a real superconductor also contributes to the /\zpf term.
Therefore, the basic way to metric engineer without needing huge electromagnetic energy densities is to start with the /\zpf = 0 non-exotic vacuum. Have it overlap with a real superconductor. The induced /\zpf away from zero is then the Josephson effect
/\zpf(induced by the real superconductor) ~ (Quantum of Area)^-1[|Vacuum Coherence||Superconductor Coherence|cosine(relative phase difference between vacuum and superconductor)
Rotating the superconductor will induce such a phase difference as a kind of Berry phase. The rotation of the superconductor requires a Kerr metric with goi =/= 0 and although this is very weak it may have significant phase interferometry effects. This is simply a guess at this time. Hal's PV model so far is not able to describe the equivalent of goi =/= 0, which is the key field in Ray Chiao's "gravity radio" that is a clue.
If one makes a Josephson interferometer enclosing area A, perhaps rotating like in the Sagnac effect
One gets for example cosine(Flux through A/(Quantum of Flux))
This flux need not be only dynamical gauge force flux, but as in Foucault's pendulum described by Sir Michael Berry it can be a topological phase effect from cycling nondynamical anholonomic control parameters, which is what you get with rotation from the non-commutativity of Lorentz boosts pointing in different directions, from frame-drag (Lense-Thirring).
Ray Chiao's "gravity radio" is a Lense-Thirring anholonomic frame drag effect in the far field of both real photons and real gravitons.
We want instead, for metric engineering, to couple virtual photons in macro-quantum states (induction near fields from coils and capacitors) to the near gravity fields (not so much virtual spin 2 gravitons as their spin 1 square root gauge bosons to make a renormalizable quantum gravity i.e. spin 2 virtual gravitons as an EPR triplet pair of spin 1 gauge force bosons of Kleinert's "world crystal lattice" distortion field ~ (Quantum of area)^1/2 string link BITs,
Note #10
Commenting on his meeting with Mark Millis at NASA BPP after discussing superluminal quantum tunneling , Nick Cook wrote:
"Again I was presented with a failure of fit."
Indeed.
"If NASA was still struggling with the theory now - 40 years after ... George Trimble ... in 1956 - what on earth had led them to believe they could crack gravity then?" p. 101
That's just it Nick, it was no thing on Earth. I should say no thing from Earth. It could only be, given the preponderance of evidence, the flying saucers as told in Paul Hill's excellent book based on observations in the 1950's "Unconventional Flying Objects" specifically the "acceleration field" that Trimble describes following Paul Hill. None of this could have been understood really until 1999 with the Type 1a supernovae data showing the accelerating universe from anti-gravitating dark POSITIVE zero point energy density with NEGATIVE pressure. It has taken a few years since 1999 to connect these dots. No one you interviewed at NASA in 2001 connected them. I connected them at end of 2002 in my two books on Amazon. Hal Puthoff & All The King's Men at the NIDS Science Advisory Board and similar UFO organizations have still, in early 2004 not connected the dots properly, but fall back on flimsy stuff like Hal's "PV" theory as explained in Eric Davis's NIDS MUFON 2001 paper. BTW was George Trimble related to the astrophysicist Virginia Trimble, perhaps her father?
One of the NASA BPP contracts was completely nutty and a complete waste of money. It was the contract to the University of Seattle to attempt to change inertia with a massive jolt of electricity. (p. 100) This is ludicrous like getting sunbeams from cucumbers in Laputa. The idea is that it would help if you used impulse propulsion ejecting propellant. What none of the people on this project understood was that even if you could change the inertia you would destroy the ship because you would change e/m ratios too much. If the charge to mass ratios did not change and if none of the dimensionless couplings changed, then it's as if nothing changed at all. The physics here is explained in several books like Barrow and Tipler's "The Anthropic Cosmological Principle" and Sir Martin Rees's "Just Six Numbers." Hal Puthoff even plays with this idea in his PV paper on metric engineering for NASA BPP and the Mitre Conference not understanding the equivalence principle that the inertia cancels out of the problem in any "acceleration field" propulsion like is seen in the flying saucers. It is strange that Hal did not properly connect the dots here because he wrote a perfectly good review of the "acceleration field" concept elsewhere.
The second contract was on zero point energy but not enough details are given by Nick. However the contracts are described at
http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/PAO/pressrel/99_66addm.htm
On the first contract based on an idea of James Woodward:
"Such a mass variation, even if it is small, has interesting implications for propulsion. Acceleration appropriately phased with the mass variations should produce a net unidirectional force relative to the surrounding mass of the universe. A spacecraft engine utilizing this principle would not require propellant, thus achieving the first mission of the Breakthrough Propulsion Physics program."
This sounds a little like Gennady Shipov's torsion engine. The problem with all of these proposals, is that even if they were to work, any significant change in inertia, i.e. rest mass m of the electrons and nucleons making up the ship, with charge e, speed of light in vacuum c and Planck's quantum h all staying fixed would render the ship unstable. The ship would fall apart, disintegrate, and maybe even explode like a WMD even if these Sorceror's Apprentices were to succeed. That is, no thought at all seems to have been given to stability problems. Good thing the experiment did not work. See, for example, Sir Martin Rees's "Our Final Hour."
The second project was also misconceived. It was a Casimir force experiment. Ian Peterson from the University of Coventry in UK has shown why all such attempts are irrelevant to the problem of metric engineering BPP. Basically, Casimir force does not tap the possibly immense vacuum energy, all it taps is the small Van Der Waals electric energy from mutually induced multipoles in the electrically neutral surfaces which are essentially "impurities" in the zero point field.
None of the ideas on the NASA BPP web page here had any chance of leading to practical results in my opinion. The last one on "negative energy" by Krasnikov is the only one that was relevant.
However, I am not sure if the proposals on that web page are the same as the ones Mark Millis told to Nick Cook?
On Apr 3, 2004, at 10:34 AM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
Note # 9
NASA engineer George Schmidt's remarks on wormholes cited by Nick Cook on p.98 are roughly correct. He, however, makes the common confusion that exotic matter has "negative energy" density. That is false. "Exotic matter" with w = -1 is net positive zero point energy density with equal and opposite negative quantum pressure. It is the negative quantum pressure that does the anti-gravity trick in Einstein's theory of gravity because
(c^4/8piG*)Guv + (zero point energy density)(1 + 3w)guv = 0
is the exotic vacuum "dark energy/matter" Einstein local field equation appropriate to the metric engineering of wormholes and weightless warp drives as seen in the flying saucer data (e.g. reverse Doppler shifts). The amount and sign of the unbalanced zero point energy density is determined by the vacuum coherence field. Hal Puthoff's model for all of this is false contradicting Einstein's theory that predicts black hole event horizons. Puthoff's simplistic fragmentary model also contradicts Hawking radiation, the Unruh effect and the "world hologram conjecture of Lenny Susskind and Gerard t' Hooft, e.g. generalized quantum gravity uncertainty principle of IR/UV complementarity (requires black holes missing in Hal's K = exp[2Gm/c^2r])
(uncertainty in position) ~ h/(uncertainty in momentum) + (Bekenstein-Hawking quantum of area)(uncertainty in momentum)/h
~ is > for real on-mass-shell micro-quantum processes
~ is < for virtual off-mass-shell micro-quantum processes
No, to answer Nick's puzzling in his book, USAF does not have anti-gravity bottled on the shelf from any physics they understand. The only way they could have it is by stumbling with captured alien saucers whose principles of operation they are currently clueless about. It is clear from Nick's book that in 2001 no one at NASA BPP had connected the dots among flying saucers, dark energy, and BPP. I am the first to publish this in 2002 in my two books "Destiny Matrix" and "Space-Time and Beyond II." Any reliance on Hal Puthoff's theory of all this is a false lead barking up the wrong tree, grasping at flimsy straws when the basic conventional physics is now in every modern text book like John Peacock's "Cosmological Physics" pp. 25-26.
"Superluminal quantum tunneling" p. 101 is also Fool's Gold when it comes to metric engineering BPP.
On the other hand the Podkletnov experiments is pointing in the right direction according to my theory. More on that in the next note.
On Mar 31, 2004, at 4:01 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
Note #8
re: Ch 9 of Nick Cook's book:
NASA is planning a trip to Alpha Centuri that will take 50 years. This is really not smart if the flying saucers are real. They do it in 50 minutes or less if they are real. The only way to do it is using Star Gate traversable wormholes using exotic vacuum zero point energy especially the dark energy phase with negative quantum pressure.
"The Question is: What is The Question?" (John A. Wheeler)
Mark Millis and his team have not even begun to ask the relevant questions because they are relying on the wrong physics of Haisch and Puthoff in this area - in my opinion. I met Mark and I know where his head is at and where it ain't.
Mark is afraid to acknowledge the reality of UFOs even though he took some of Joe Firmage's UFO money back in 1999 - 2000. Obviously, the reality of the flying saucers is the most important issue for the strategic planning of NASA as well as USAF, RAF et-al.
The 1999 discovery of anti-gravitating dark energy as the major "stuff" in the large-scale structure of the Universe completely changes the Baysean estimates of the probability that the saucers are real with time travel capability through star gates. I have been trying to alert Puthoff & Co to this fact since 2002 without any success. There is a big cognitive impedance mismatch without much penetration and a lot of back-scattering. ;-)
If the triangle ships exist (e.g. p. 97 "Aurora") discussed on the NIDS website then they are alien. They are not USAF "Black Ops." Not even Black Ops could keep such a breakthrough secret. The physics would leak out. The simple truth is that no human physicist prior to the discovery of the dark energy in 1999 from Type 1a supernovae would have had the slightest clue what the appropriate physical principles of metric engineering are. This physicists and engineers inside Black Ops, contrary to popular rumor, are not the best and the brightest. Now, that said, on the other hand, if the Black Ops really had retrieved alien flying saucers like Colonel Phillip J. Corso and others have said, and like is portrayed in Jacques Vallee's "novel" "Fastwalker" and in the movie "Independence Day" then they are like Mickey Mouse, The Sorceror's Apprentice, in Walt Disney's "Fantasia" playing with matches. They do not understand how the saucers really work they are simply pushing buttons, pure empirics. That is all about to change now that we have a handle on how it must all really work.
More on Nick Cook's interview of Mark Millis in Ch. 9 in the next installment.
PS: There are two length scales in an ordinary superconductor that is a Bose-Einstein macro-quantum condensate of electron pairs of net charge 2e in a positive ionic crystal lattice so the total charge is zero.
One scale is the coherence length, this tells the scale over which the ground state coherence is able to drop down to zero.
The other scale is the penetration depth of the diamagnetic Meissner effect where the effective rest mass of the photon inside the superconductor bulk is m ~ h/c(penetration depth). What is happening here is related to the Higgs mechanism.
Both of these lengths must be scale-dependent in the case of the physical vacuum. The penetration depth on the cosmic scale must be ~ c/Ho ~ 10^28 cm where Ho is the Hubble, but it may be very different on the short scale of 1 fermi ~ 10^-13 cm.
1/square root of 2 is a key dimensionless number.
You want the penetration depth to be smaller than the coherence length to get self-trapped quantized magnetic flux filaments (Type II superconductivity).
(penetration depth)/(coherence length) < (square root 2)^-1 for Type II.
BTW this all generalizes in QCD strong gauge force physics from U(1) to SU(3) in the strong colorless vacuum confined quark part of the phase diagram where we live as ordinary on-mass-shell matter no more than 0.04 of all the universe on the large scale.
The above considerations need to be kept in mind in the case of the physical vacuum with a virtual electron-positron macro-quantum coherence field with a phase-diagram that includes both dark energy and dark matter with w = -1, but where the dimensionless ratio of the two lengths is itself scale dependent.
On Apr 3, 2004, at 4:24 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
Note #11
The Sept 1, 1996 Sunday Telegraph article reproduced on p. 102 says "most scientists would not feel comfortable with the idea of anti-gravity."
That was true back then, but it is not true today in 2004. The physics was already known in 1996, but it consisted of dots in different specialties which were not connected by the theorists until they got a good kick in the behind from the experimental astronomers who, in 1999 - 2002 awoke them from their dogmatic Newtonian slumbers with the discovery of repulsive "dark energy" making up perhaps at much as almost 3/4 of all the stuff of the universe on the large scale! The simple fact was that Einstein's theory of gravity together with Heisenberg's uncertainty principle already showed how to make a repulsive field of anti-gravity. The fly in the ointment was the "cosmological constant" problem that even today the great Princeton math genius of string theory, Ed Witten, says is the "greatest crisis" in his dazzling career. The problem is that if one accepts that the zero point energy is random, as does Hal Puthoff & Co and practically everyone else, then the cosmological constant must be more then 120 powers of ten larger than is observed. As William Bendix in "The Life of Riley" would say on the radio fifty years ago "What a revolting development this is!" Never fear, I have solved the problem using another Princetonian's idea "More is different" from P.W. Anderson. Enter the idea of vacuum coherence that permits a broad spectrum of controllable exotic vacuum zero point energy phases of gravitationally repulsive negative pressure, (non-exotic) zero pressure and finally, last but not least gravitationally attractive positive pressure. The latter would be "dark matter" that is about 1/4 of the Universe. The effective strength of this zero point energy induced gravity need not be weak on the short scale. Its strength G* depends on the intensity of the vacuum coherence field where
G*(effective mass density of the exotic vacuum zero point energy) = c^2/\zpf
= c^2(Quantum of Area)^-1[(Quantum of Area)^3/2|Intensity of Vacuum Coherence| - 1]
It's easy to get /\zpf = 0. This local macro-quantum field /\zpf limits to Einstein's cosmological constant in the large scale. QED! Ed Witten's mid-life crisis is over. This is the basic idea for practical metric engineering of Super Cosmos by the Q Masters of Hyper Space. This is the Final Secret of the Illuminati not known to All The Kings Men in Black Ops or anywhere else - on this planet.
This means the physical vacuum is something like a superconductor, except it's electrically neutral and the effective rest mass of photons on large scales is J.P. Vigier's
m ~ hHo/c^2 ~ 10^-65 grams today
so we do not worry about the diamagnetic Meissner effect in the physical vacuum for most scales of physics.
The lesson of the Podkletnov effect, or some variation of it, is to make a Josephson "weak link" between the ground state coherence of a real superconductor of electron pairs with charge 2e and the vacuum superconductor coherent field of virtual electron-positron pairs of zero charge.
Note, that if you apply an electric force to a virtual electron-positron pair you do induce a tiny electric current.
Note #12
Nick Cook, in 2002, writes that Podkletnov was virtually burned at the stake (p. 103) fired from his job, his paper pulled like what Paul Ginsparg has done on the LANL-Cornell archive to a growing number of dissident physicists, because the Sunday Telegraph used the word "antigravity" in 1996. My, how things have changed since the discovery of Type 1a supernovae, but to look at the March 1, 2004 Aviation Week "To the Stars" one would never know it. There is no mention of anti-gravity dark energy in that article even though the term "antigravity" is now commonplace in Physics Today and in the mainstream journals. The left hand does not know what the right hand is doing.
Nick cites a 1993 paper by Torr and Li that I have not yet evaluated. There is also a paper by Giovanni Modanese that is consistent with my own model though not identical to it. Modanese uses a perturbation theory and shows that the ground state coherence of a real superconductor does contribute to the term /\zpfguv in Einstein's field equation. This is excellent for my theory. However, what Modanese does not have is the key idea that there is off-mass-shell vacuum coherence from a condensate of virtual electron-positron pairs that can beat against that superconducting ground state coherence from a condensate of on-mass-shell electron pairs. The attractive virtual photon exchange between the virtual electron-positron pairs inside the physical vacuum plays the same role as the attractive virtual phonon exchange between the real electrons forming a bound state pair. The emergent collective coherence fields do not remember their micro-dynamics at the lower level and Modanese's model suggests that they interfere because both contribute to the same /\zpfguv term in Einstein's field equation for quantum fields on a curved space-time background.
This, in principle, can explain the sort of thing Podkletnov has reported. Whether or not his particular experiment is any good I do not know, but it does not matter since the flying saucer data show that what I am talking about has already been implemented in nuts and bolts technology, though probably not by men who are of women born.
PS. Modanese also does not realize that Einstein's field equations themselves can be mathematically derived from the "More is different" collective emergence of the physical vacuum coherence. My basic equation, in more specialized form, has also been independently derived from microscopic quantum dynamics of interacting bosons by a Russian physicist, G.E. Volovik and published in a book "The Universe in a Helium Droplet." These ideas are completely absent in the official NASA BPP "PV theory" by Hal Puthoff & Co.
See http://www.americanantigravity.com/podkletnov.html I am not, at this time, endorsing any of the claims or papers on this web page.
I am suspicious of Ning Li's "electro-gravitic" claims in http://popularmechanics.com/science/research/1999/10/taming_gravity/print.phtml
but I cannot dispute them because I have not yet carefully studied them. It sounds like a torsion field theory, i.e. influence of quantum spins of matter on the geometrodynamic field. This does happen when one locally gauges the Lorentz group in addition to the translation group. However what is suspicious in Ning Li's claim is that the strength of this spin-gravity coupling is so large.
Nick Cook cites some really strange extraordinary claims that I am extremely skeptical of at the moment of writing this:
"gravity reduction would not diminish with distance, that the effect had no limit. Podkletnov's gravity shield went on extending upward in a 30 cm diameter column - forever." p. 106
Podkletnov claims a 2% effect. Podkletnov does not seem to understand warp drive (Paul Hill's "acceleration field"), is thinking only of flight through air? That is,
"a vehicle equipped with gravity shielding would be able to levitate, buoyed up by the heavier air below" p. 106
This is not good enough. The real thing works in a vacuum and you do not need air. Furthermore, a real anti-gravity field from negative zero point quantum pressure will cause and anomalous blue shift. If this 2% effect is real such a blue shift should be detectable if the proper measurements are made from spectroscopy of excited atoms placed inside the alleged infinite 30 cm cylinder. Of course none of the people working on that thought of this prediction I have just made here for the first time in the context of those allegations reported by Nick Cook.
Podkletnov's claims about reflecting gravity waves (p. 106) appear to be nutty. Ask Kip Thorne at Cal Tech to explain why. Podkletnov's remark
"like UFOs, I have achieved impulse reflection" shows to my mind that he does not understand the weightless warp drive idea shown in George Trimble's "G-Engine" quote that Nick Cook cites, in Paul Hill's "acceleration field", in the Bondi-Terletskii "negative matter propulsion", in the timelike geodesic Alcubierre warp drive model all culminating in the bottled "dark" zero point energy of negative quantum pressure that I am talking about.
"Had Podkletnov tripped over the answer...? If anyone knew, it was Dr. Hal Puthoff ..." p. 107
Surely you must be joking Nick? I beg to differ. ;-)
Commenting on his meeting with Mark Millis at NASA BPP after discussing superluminal quantum tunneling , Nick Cook wrote:
"Again I was presented with a failure of fit."
Indeed.
"If NASA was still struggling with the theory now - 40 years after ... George Trimble ... in 1956 - what on earth had led them to believe they could crack gravity then?" p. 101
That's just it Nick, it was no thing on Earth. I should say no thing from Earth. It could only be, given the preponderance of evidence, the flying saucers as told in Paul Hill's excellent book based on observations in the 1950's "Unconventional Flying Objects" specifically the "acceleration field" that Trimble describes following Paul Hill. None of this could have been understood really until 1999 with the Type 1a supernovae data showing the accelerating universe from anti-gravitating dark POSITIVE zero point energy density with NEGATIVE pressure. It has taken a few years since 1999 to connect these dots. No one you interviewed at NASA in 2001 connected them. I connected them at end of 2002 in my two books on Amazon. Hal Puthoff & All The King's Men at the NIDS Science Advisory Board and similar UFO organizations have still, in early 2004 not connected the dots properly, but fall back on flimsy stuff like Hal's "PV" theory as explained in Eric Davis's NIDS MUFON 2001 paper. BTW was George Trimble related to the astrophysicist Virginia Trimble, perhaps her father?
One of the NASA BPP contracts was completely nutty and a complete waste of money. It was the contract to the University of Seattle to attempt to change inertia with a massive jolt of electricity. (p. 100) This is ludicrous like getting sunbeams from cucumbers in Laputa. The idea is that it would help if you used impulse propulsion ejecting propellant. What none of the people on this project understood was that even if you could change the inertia you would destroy the ship because you would change e/m ratios too much. If the charge to mass ratios did not change and if none of the dimensionless couplings changed, then it's as if nothing changed at all. The physics here is explained in several books like Barrow and Tipler's "The Anthropic Cosmological Principle" and Sir Martin Rees's "Just Six Numbers." Hal Puthoff even plays with this idea in his PV paper on metric engineering for NASA BPP and the Mitre Conference not understanding the equivalence principle that the inertia cancels out of the problem in any "acceleration field" propulsion like is seen in the flying saucers. It is strange that Hal did not properly connect the dots here because he wrote a perfectly good review of the "acceleration field" concept elsewhere.
The second contract was on zero point energy but not enough details are given by Nick. However the contracts are described at
http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/PAO/pressrel/99_66addm.htm
On the first contract based on an idea of James Woodward:
"Such a mass variation, even if it is small, has interesting implications for propulsion. Acceleration appropriately phased with the mass variations should produce a net unidirectional force relative to the surrounding mass of the universe. A spacecraft engine utilizing this principle would not require propellant, thus achieving the first mission of the Breakthrough Propulsion Physics program."
This sounds a little like Gennady Shipov's torsion engine. The problem with all of these proposals, is that even if they were to work, any significant change in inertia, i.e. rest mass m of the electrons and nucleons making up the ship, with charge e, speed of light in vacuum c and Planck's quantum h all staying fixed would render the ship unstable. The ship would fall apart, disintegrate, and maybe even explode like a WMD even if these Sorceror's Apprentices were to succeed. That is, no thought at all seems to have been given to stability problems. Good thing the experiment did not work. See, for example, Sir Martin Rees's "Our Final Hour."
The second project was also misconceived. It was a Casimir force experiment. Ian Peterson from the University of Coventry in UK has shown why all such attempts are irrelevant to the problem of metric engineering BPP. Basically, Casimir force does not tap the possibly immense vacuum energy, all it taps is the small Van Der Waals electric energy from mutually induced multipoles in the electrically neutral surfaces which are essentially "impurities" in the zero point field.
None of the ideas on the NASA BPP web page here had any chance of leading to practical results in my opinion. The last one on "negative energy" by Krasnikov is the only one that was relevant.
However, I am not sure if the proposals on that web page are the same as the ones Mark Millis told to Nick Cook?
On Apr 3, 2004, at 10:34 AM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
Note # 9
NASA engineer George Schmidt's remarks on wormholes cited by Nick Cook on p.98 are roughly correct. He, however, makes the common confusion that exotic matter has "negative energy" density. That is false. "Exotic matter" with w = -1 is net positive zero point energy density with equal and opposite negative quantum pressure. It is the negative quantum pressure that does the anti-gravity trick in Einstein's theory of gravity because
(c^4/8piG*)Guv + (zero point energy density)(1 + 3w)guv = 0
is the exotic vacuum "dark energy/matter" Einstein local field equation appropriate to the metric engineering of wormholes and weightless warp drives as seen in the flying saucer data (e.g. reverse Doppler shifts). The amount and sign of the unbalanced zero point energy density is determined by the vacuum coherence field. Hal Puthoff's model for all of this is false contradicting Einstein's theory that predicts black hole event horizons. Puthoff's simplistic fragmentary model also contradicts Hawking radiation, the Unruh effect and the "world hologram conjecture of Lenny Susskind and Gerard t' Hooft, e.g. generalized quantum gravity uncertainty principle of IR/UV complementarity (requires black holes missing in Hal's K = exp[2Gm/c^2r])
(uncertainty in position) ~ h/(uncertainty in momentum) + (Bekenstein-Hawking quantum of area)(uncertainty in momentum)/h
~ is > for real on-mass-shell micro-quantum processes
~ is < for virtual off-mass-shell micro-quantum processes
No, to answer Nick's puzzling in his book, USAF does not have anti-gravity bottled on the shelf from any physics they understand. The only way they could have it is by stumbling with captured alien saucers whose principles of operation they are currently clueless about. It is clear from Nick's book that in 2001 no one at NASA BPP had connected the dots among flying saucers, dark energy, and BPP. I am the first to publish this in 2002 in my two books "Destiny Matrix" and "Space-Time and Beyond II." Any reliance on Hal Puthoff's theory of all this is a false lead barking up the wrong tree, grasping at flimsy straws when the basic conventional physics is now in every modern text book like John Peacock's "Cosmological Physics" pp. 25-26.
"Superluminal quantum tunneling" p. 101 is also Fool's Gold when it comes to metric engineering BPP.
On the other hand the Podkletnov experiments is pointing in the right direction according to my theory. More on that in the next note.
On Mar 31, 2004, at 4:01 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
Note #8
re: Ch 9 of Nick Cook's book:
NASA is planning a trip to Alpha Centuri that will take 50 years. This is really not smart if the flying saucers are real. They do it in 50 minutes or less if they are real. The only way to do it is using Star Gate traversable wormholes using exotic vacuum zero point energy especially the dark energy phase with negative quantum pressure.
"The Question is: What is The Question?" (John A. Wheeler)
Mark Millis and his team have not even begun to ask the relevant questions because they are relying on the wrong physics of Haisch and Puthoff in this area - in my opinion. I met Mark and I know where his head is at and where it ain't.
Mark is afraid to acknowledge the reality of UFOs even though he took some of Joe Firmage's UFO money back in 1999 - 2000. Obviously, the reality of the flying saucers is the most important issue for the strategic planning of NASA as well as USAF, RAF et-al.
The 1999 discovery of anti-gravitating dark energy as the major "stuff" in the large-scale structure of the Universe completely changes the Baysean estimates of the probability that the saucers are real with time travel capability through star gates. I have been trying to alert Puthoff & Co to this fact since 2002 without any success. There is a big cognitive impedance mismatch without much penetration and a lot of back-scattering. ;-)
If the triangle ships exist (e.g. p. 97 "Aurora") discussed on the NIDS website then they are alien. They are not USAF "Black Ops." Not even Black Ops could keep such a breakthrough secret. The physics would leak out. The simple truth is that no human physicist prior to the discovery of the dark energy in 1999 from Type 1a supernovae would have had the slightest clue what the appropriate physical principles of metric engineering are. This physicists and engineers inside Black Ops, contrary to popular rumor, are not the best and the brightest. Now, that said, on the other hand, if the Black Ops really had retrieved alien flying saucers like Colonel Phillip J. Corso and others have said, and like is portrayed in Jacques Vallee's "novel" "Fastwalker" and in the movie "Independence Day" then they are like Mickey Mouse, The Sorceror's Apprentice, in Walt Disney's "Fantasia" playing with matches. They do not understand how the saucers really work they are simply pushing buttons, pure empirics. That is all about to change now that we have a handle on how it must all really work.
More on Nick Cook's interview of Mark Millis in Ch. 9 in the next installment.
PS: There are two length scales in an ordinary superconductor that is a Bose-Einstein macro-quantum condensate of electron pairs of net charge 2e in a positive ionic crystal lattice so the total charge is zero.
One scale is the coherence length, this tells the scale over which the ground state coherence is able to drop down to zero.
The other scale is the penetration depth of the diamagnetic Meissner effect where the effective rest mass of the photon inside the superconductor bulk is m ~ h/c(penetration depth). What is happening here is related to the Higgs mechanism.
Both of these lengths must be scale-dependent in the case of the physical vacuum. The penetration depth on the cosmic scale must be ~ c/Ho ~ 10^28 cm where Ho is the Hubble, but it may be very different on the short scale of 1 fermi ~ 10^-13 cm.
1/square root of 2 is a key dimensionless number.
You want the penetration depth to be smaller than the coherence length to get self-trapped quantized magnetic flux filaments (Type II superconductivity).
(penetration depth)/(coherence length) < (square root 2)^-1 for Type II.
BTW this all generalizes in QCD strong gauge force physics from U(1) to SU(3) in the strong colorless vacuum confined quark part of the phase diagram where we live as ordinary on-mass-shell matter no more than 0.04 of all the universe on the large scale.
The above considerations need to be kept in mind in the case of the physical vacuum with a virtual electron-positron macro-quantum coherence field with a phase-diagram that includes both dark energy and dark matter with w = -1, but where the dimensionless ratio of the two lengths is itself scale dependent.
On Apr 3, 2004, at 4:24 PM, Jack Sarfatti wrote:
Note #11
The Sept 1, 1996 Sunday Telegraph article reproduced on p. 102 says "most scientists would not feel comfortable with the idea of anti-gravity."
That was true back then, but it is not true today in 2004. The physics was already known in 1996, but it consisted of dots in different specialties which were not connected by the theorists until they got a good kick in the behind from the experimental astronomers who, in 1999 - 2002 awoke them from their dogmatic Newtonian slumbers with the discovery of repulsive "dark energy" making up perhaps at much as almost 3/4 of all the stuff of the universe on the large scale! The simple fact was that Einstein's theory of gravity together with Heisenberg's uncertainty principle already showed how to make a repulsive field of anti-gravity. The fly in the ointment was the "cosmological constant" problem that even today the great Princeton math genius of string theory, Ed Witten, says is the "greatest crisis" in his dazzling career. The problem is that if one accepts that the zero point energy is random, as does Hal Puthoff & Co and practically everyone else, then the cosmological constant must be more then 120 powers of ten larger than is observed. As William Bendix in "The Life of Riley" would say on the radio fifty years ago "What a revolting development this is!" Never fear, I have solved the problem using another Princetonian's idea "More is different" from P.W. Anderson. Enter the idea of vacuum coherence that permits a broad spectrum of controllable exotic vacuum zero point energy phases of gravitationally repulsive negative pressure, (non-exotic) zero pressure and finally, last but not least gravitationally attractive positive pressure. The latter would be "dark matter" that is about 1/4 of the Universe. The effective strength of this zero point energy induced gravity need not be weak on the short scale. Its strength G* depends on the intensity of the vacuum coherence field where
G*(effective mass density of the exotic vacuum zero point energy) = c^2/\zpf
= c^2(Quantum of Area)^-1[(Quantum of Area)^3/2|Intensity of Vacuum Coherence| - 1]
It's easy to get /\zpf = 0. This local macro-quantum field /\zpf limits to Einstein's cosmological constant in the large scale. QED! Ed Witten's mid-life crisis is over. This is the basic idea for practical metric engineering of Super Cosmos by the Q Masters of Hyper Space. This is the Final Secret of the Illuminati not known to All The Kings Men in Black Ops or anywhere else - on this planet.
This means the physical vacuum is something like a superconductor, except it's electrically neutral and the effective rest mass of photons on large scales is J.P. Vigier's
m ~ hHo/c^2 ~ 10^-65 grams today
so we do not worry about the diamagnetic Meissner effect in the physical vacuum for most scales of physics.
The lesson of the Podkletnov effect, or some variation of it, is to make a Josephson "weak link" between the ground state coherence of a real superconductor of electron pairs with charge 2e and the vacuum superconductor coherent field of virtual electron-positron pairs of zero charge.
Note, that if you apply an electric force to a virtual electron-positron pair you do induce a tiny electric current.
Note #12
Nick Cook, in 2002, writes that Podkletnov was virtually burned at the stake (p. 103) fired from his job, his paper pulled like what Paul Ginsparg has done on the LANL-Cornell archive to a growing number of dissident physicists, because the Sunday Telegraph used the word "antigravity" in 1996. My, how things have changed since the discovery of Type 1a supernovae, but to look at the March 1, 2004 Aviation Week "To the Stars" one would never know it. There is no mention of anti-gravity dark energy in that article even though the term "antigravity" is now commonplace in Physics Today and in the mainstream journals. The left hand does not know what the right hand is doing.
Nick cites a 1993 paper by Torr and Li that I have not yet evaluated. There is also a paper by Giovanni Modanese that is consistent with my own model though not identical to it. Modanese uses a perturbation theory and shows that the ground state coherence of a real superconductor does contribute to the term /\zpfguv in Einstein's field equation. This is excellent for my theory. However, what Modanese does not have is the key idea that there is off-mass-shell vacuum coherence from a condensate of virtual electron-positron pairs that can beat against that superconducting ground state coherence from a condensate of on-mass-shell electron pairs. The attractive virtual photon exchange between the virtual electron-positron pairs inside the physical vacuum plays the same role as the attractive virtual phonon exchange between the real electrons forming a bound state pair. The emergent collective coherence fields do not remember their micro-dynamics at the lower level and Modanese's model suggests that they interfere because both contribute to the same /\zpfguv term in Einstein's field equation for quantum fields on a curved space-time background.
This, in principle, can explain the sort of thing Podkletnov has reported. Whether or not his particular experiment is any good I do not know, but it does not matter since the flying saucer data show that what I am talking about has already been implemented in nuts and bolts technology, though probably not by men who are of women born.
PS. Modanese also does not realize that Einstein's field equations themselves can be mathematically derived from the "More is different" collective emergence of the physical vacuum coherence. My basic equation, in more specialized form, has also been independently derived from microscopic quantum dynamics of interacting bosons by a Russian physicist, G.E. Volovik and published in a book "The Universe in a Helium Droplet." These ideas are completely absent in the official NASA BPP "PV theory" by Hal Puthoff & Co.
See http://www.americanantigravity.com/podkletnov.html I am not, at this time, endorsing any of the claims or papers on this web page.
I am suspicious of Ning Li's "electro-gravitic" claims in http://popularmechanics.com/science/research/1999/10/taming_gravity/print.phtml
but I cannot dispute them because I have not yet carefully studied them. It sounds like a torsion field theory, i.e. influence of quantum spins of matter on the geometrodynamic field. This does happen when one locally gauges the Lorentz group in addition to the translation group. However what is suspicious in Ning Li's claim is that the strength of this spin-gravity coupling is so large.
Nick Cook cites some really strange extraordinary claims that I am extremely skeptical of at the moment of writing this:
"gravity reduction would not diminish with distance, that the effect had no limit. Podkletnov's gravity shield went on extending upward in a 30 cm diameter column - forever." p. 106
Podkletnov claims a 2% effect. Podkletnov does not seem to understand warp drive (Paul Hill's "acceleration field"), is thinking only of flight through air? That is,
"a vehicle equipped with gravity shielding would be able to levitate, buoyed up by the heavier air below" p. 106
This is not good enough. The real thing works in a vacuum and you do not need air. Furthermore, a real anti-gravity field from negative zero point quantum pressure will cause and anomalous blue shift. If this 2% effect is real such a blue shift should be detectable if the proper measurements are made from spectroscopy of excited atoms placed inside the alleged infinite 30 cm cylinder. Of course none of the people working on that thought of this prediction I have just made here for the first time in the context of those allegations reported by Nick Cook.
Podkletnov's claims about reflecting gravity waves (p. 106) appear to be nutty. Ask Kip Thorne at Cal Tech to explain why. Podkletnov's remark
"like UFOs, I have achieved impulse reflection" shows to my mind that he does not understand the weightless warp drive idea shown in George Trimble's "G-Engine" quote that Nick Cook cites, in Paul Hill's "acceleration field", in the Bondi-Terletskii "negative matter propulsion", in the timelike geodesic Alcubierre warp drive model all culminating in the bottled "dark" zero point energy of negative quantum pressure that I am talking about.
"Had Podkletnov tripped over the answer...? If anyone knew, it was Dr. Hal Puthoff ..." p. 107
Surely you must be joking Nick? I beg to differ. ;-)
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